饮酒的“原因”：饮酒动机与饮酒结果之间关联的荟萃分析,Alcoholism: Clinical & Experimental Research

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饮酒的“原因”：饮酒动机与饮酒结果之间关联的荟萃分析
Alcoholism: Clinical & Experimental Research Pub Date : 2020-12-25 , DOI: 10.1111/acer.14518
Konrad Bresin ₁ , Yara Mekawi ₂

Affiliation

了解饮酒动机与饮酒的方式（例如，频率，数量）和饮酒问题有何区别，对于了解危险饮酒和饮酒障碍的发展至关重要。本文的目的是使用荟萃分析技术回答两个总体问题（a）哪种饮酒动机（即增强，应对，社交，顺应性）与饮酒和饮酒问题最相关？（b）动机与结果间接相关的最可能机制（饮酒或饮酒问题）是什么？全面的文献检索确定了符合纳入标准的229项研究（254个样本； N = 130,705），其中包含纵向数据（k = 5； N = 6,283）。使用两阶段的元分析结构方程模型分析数据。结果表明，增强和应对动机都是饮酒问题的最强预测因子，但只有增强动机才是饮酒的最强预测因子。增强和社会动机与通过饮酒引起的饮酒间接相关，而与饮酒引起的饮酒问题间接相关，而应对动机仅与饮酒引起的饮酒间接相关，尽管横截面和纵向数据的结果有所不同。总体而言，这项荟萃分析的发现提供了证据，表明饮酒动机通过独特的直接和间接途径差异性地预测了饮酒的结果。结果表明，增强和应对动机都是饮酒问题的最强预测因子，但只有增强动机才是饮酒的最强预测因子。增强和社会动机与通过饮酒引起的饮酒间接相关，而与饮酒引起的饮酒问题间接相关，而应对动机仅与饮酒引起的饮酒间接相关，尽管横截面和纵向数据的结果有所不同。总体而言，这项荟萃分析的发现提供了证据，表明饮酒动机通过独特的直接和间接途径差异性地预测了饮酒的结果。结果表明，增强和应对动机都是饮酒问题的最强预测因子，但只有增强动机才是饮酒的最强预测因子。增强和社会动机与通过饮酒引起的饮酒间接相关，而与饮酒引起的饮酒问题间接相关，而应对动机仅与饮酒引起的饮酒间接相关，尽管横截面和纵向数据的结果有所不同。总体而言，这项荟萃分析的发现提供了证据，表明饮酒动机通过独特的直接和间接途径差异性地预测了饮酒的结果。增强和社会动机与通过饮酒引起的饮酒和通过饮酒引起的饮酒问题间接相关，而应对动机仅与通过饮酒引起的饮酒问题间接相关，尽管横断面和纵向数据的结果有所不同。总体而言，这项荟萃分析的发现提供了证据，表明饮酒动机通过独特的直接和间接途径差异性地预测了饮酒的结果。增强和社会动机与通过饮酒引起的饮酒间接相关，而与饮酒引起的饮酒问题间接相关，而应对动机仅与饮酒引起的饮酒间接相关，尽管横截面和纵向数据的结果有所不同。总体而言，这项荟萃分析的发现提供了证据，表明饮酒动机通过独特的直接和间接途径差异地预测了饮酒的结果。

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The “Why” of Drinking Matters: A Meta‐analysis of the Association Between Drinking Motives and Drinking Outcomes

Knowledge of how drinking motives are differentially associated with alcohol use (e.g., frequency, quantity) and drinking problems is critical in understanding risky drinking and the development of alcohol use disorder. The purpose of this paper was to use meta-analytic techniques to answer two overarching questions (a) Which types of drinking motives (i.e., enhancement, coping, social, conformity) are most strongly associated with alcohol use and drinking problems? and (b) What are the most likely mechanisms (alcohol use or drinking problems) through which motives may be indirectly associated with outcomes? A comprehensive literature search identified 229 studies that met inclusion criteria (254 samples; N = 130,705) with a subset containing longitudinal data (k = 5; N = 6,283). Data were analyzed using two-stage meta-analytic structural equation modeling. Results showed that both enhancement and coping motives were the strongest predictors of drinking problems, but only enhancement motives were the strongest predictor of alcohol use. Enhancement and social motives were indirectly associated with alcohol use through drinking problems and with drinking problems through alcohol use, whereas coping motives were only indirectly associated with alcohol use through drinking problems, although the results differed for cross-sectional and longitudinal data. Overall, findings from this meta-analysis provide evidence that drinking motives differentially predict alcohol use outcomes through unique direct and indirect pathways.

更新日期：2020-12-25

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