The s-shaped J-V curve of perovskite solar cells can be eliminated using the solvent penetration (SP) process with a PCBM spacer. The experimental results show that the viscosity of the solvent used in the SP process influences the shunt and series resistances simultaneously. In addition, the fill factor of PEDOT:PSS based perovskite solar cells can be largely increased from 40.3% to 70.7% when the bathocuproine (BCP) molecules are dissolved in IPA solvent during the SP process, which significantly increases the power conversion efficiency (PCE) by 98.9%. Besides, the PCE of perovskite solar cells increases from 13.56% to 20.29% when the PEDOT:PSS film is replaced by a P3CT-Na thin film. It is noted that the absorbance spectra, photoluminescence (PL) spectra, time-resolved PL, Raman spectra and X-ray diffraction patterns demonstrate that the BCP molecules penetrate into the PCBM thin film and the PCBM/perovskite interface during the SP process, which increases the electron mobility of the PCBM thin film and passivates the interfacial MA cations in perovskite thin film, respectively. In other words, the solution-processed BCP small molecules are vertically distributed across the PCBM thin film. Our results help completely understand the entire roles of the solution-processed BCP molecules in the high-performance inverted-type perovskite solar cells.

钙钛矿型太阳能电池的S形JV曲线可以使用带有PCBM垫片的溶剂渗透（SP）工艺消除。实验结果表明，SP过程中使用的溶剂粘度同时影响分流电阻和串联电阻。此外，当在SP过程中将浴嘌呤（BCP）分子溶解在IPA溶剂中时，基于PEDOT：PSS的钙钛矿型太阳能电池的填充系数可以从40.3％大幅提高到70.7％，这大大提高了功率转换效率（PCE） ）的98.9％。此外，当用P3CT-Na薄膜代替PEDOT：PSS膜时，钙钛矿太阳能电池的PCE从13.56％增加到20.29％。请注意，吸收光谱，光致发光（PL）光谱，时间分辨的PL，拉曼光谱和X射线衍射图表明BCP分子在SP过程中渗透到PCBM薄膜和PCBM /钙钛矿界面中，这增加了PCBM薄膜的电子迁移率并钝化钙钛矿薄膜中的界面MA阳离子， 分别。换句话说，溶液处理后的BCP小分子垂直分布在PCBM薄膜上。我们的结果有助于完全理解溶液处理的BCP分子在高性能倒置型钙钛矿太阳能电池中的全部作用。溶液处理后的BCP小分子垂直分布在PCBM薄膜上。我们的结果有助于完全理解溶液处理的BCP分子在高性能倒置型钙钛矿太阳能电池中的全部作用。溶液处理后的BCP小分子垂直分布在PCBM薄膜上。我们的结果有助于完全理解溶液处理的BCP分子在高性能倒置型钙钛矿太阳能电池中的全部作用。