The ability of Trolox (6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchromane-2-carboxylic acid), a water-soluble vitamin E analogue, to prevent oxidative damages is well characterized, but the mechanisms underlying it remain unclear. The protective effect of Trolox pre-treatment on H2O2-induced toxicity might be attributed to the decreased cellular permeability to H2O2 or in vitro scavenging activity of Trolox, induction of antioxidant enzymes or the direct scavenging activity of Trolox. The results obtained rule out the first and second possibilities and intracellular scavenging activity was found to be the mechanism whereby Trolox confers protection. This was confirmed by measuring protein oxidation (levels), and the observed decrease in proteasomal activity indicated that the decrease in protein carbonyls was due to Trolox scavenging activity rather than proteasome activation. In conclusion, the intracellular scavenging activity of Trolox is a key protective mechanism against H2O2. These findings obtained in Schizosaccharomyces pombe, a good model organism for eukaryotic cells, can be used as standard protocols for investigating the antioxidant activity of pure or complex potential antioxidants.

中文翻译：

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Trolox（6-羟基-2,5,7,8-四甲基苯并-2-羧酸）在裂殖酵母裂殖酵母中的细胞内清除活性

水溶性维生素E类似物Trolox（6-羟基-2,5,7,8-四甲基铬烷-2-羧酸）具有防止氧化损伤的能力，但其机理尚不清楚。Trolox预处理对H2O2诱导的毒性的保护作用可能归因于细胞对H2O2的渗透性降低或Trolox的体外清除活性，抗氧化酶的诱导或Trolox的直接清除活性。获得的结果排除了第一种和第二种可能性，发现细胞内清除活性是Trolox赋予保护作用的机制。通过测量蛋白质氧化（水平）可以证实这一点，并且观察到的蛋白酶体活性的降低表明蛋白羰基的降低是由于Trolox清除活性而不是蛋白酶体的活化。总之，Trolox的细胞内清除活性是针对H2O2的关键保护机制。在粟酒裂殖酵母（一种真核细胞的良好模式生物）中获得的这些发现可以用作研究纯净或复杂潜在抗氧化剂的抗氧化剂活性的标准方案。