幼叶或成年叶：开花植物营养相变的决定因素,International Journal of Molecular Sciences

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幼叶或成年叶：开花植物营养相变的决定因素
International Journal of Molecular Sciences ( IF 4.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-12-21 , DOI: 10.3390/ijms21249753
Darren Manuela , Mingli Xu

根据拟南芥的植物叶片的特定特征，例如叶片形状和背面毛状体的存在，将其分为幼叶或成年叶。营养发育过程中从幼年到成年相变的时间（称为营养相变）是植物的关键决策，因为这种转变与作物产量，胁迫反应和免疫反应有关。幼叶的特征在于高水平的miR156 / 157，而成年叶的特征在于高水平的miR156 / 157靶标，SQUAMOSA PROMOTER BINDING蛋白类似（SPL）转录因子。这个miR156 / 157-SPL模块的发现为阐明植物中从成年到成年相变的复杂调控提供了关键工具。在这篇评论中，我们讨论了如何通过miR156 / 157-SPL模块确定少年叶片和成年叶片的特性，以及如何控制胚胎到成年人的各种因素（包括胚胎调节剂，糖，分生组织调节剂，激素和表观遗传蛋白）相变，着重于对植物相变的最新见解。我们还将重点介绍该领域中尚待进一步研究的悬而未决的问题。了解如何调节植物相变将为在各种条件下操纵农业性状提供基础。着重于对植物相变的最新见解。我们还将重点介绍该领域中尚待进一步研究的悬而未决的问题。了解如何调节植物相变将为在各种条件下操纵农业性状提供基础。着重于对植物相变的最新见解。我们还将重点介绍该领域中尚待进一步研究的悬而未决的问题。了解如何调节植物相变将为在各种条件下操纵农业性状提供基础。

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Juvenile Leaves or Adult Leaves: Determinants for Vegetative Phase Change in Flowering Plants

Vegetative leaves in Arabidopsis are classified as either juvenile leaves or adult leaves based on their specific traits, such as leaf shape and the presence of abaxial trichomes. The timing of the juvenile-to-adult phase transition during vegetative development, called the vegetative phase change, is a critical decision for plants, as this transition is associated with crop yield, stress responses, and immune responses. Juvenile leaves are characterized by high levels of miR156/157, and adult leaves are characterized by high levels of miR156/157 targets, SQUAMOSA PROMOTER BINDING PROTEIN-LIKE (SPL) transcription factors. The discovery of this miR156/157-SPL module provided a critical tool for elucidating the complex regulation of the juvenile-to-adult phase transition in plants. In this review, we discuss how the traits of juvenile leaves and adult leaves are determined by the miR156/157-SPL module and how different factors, including embryonic regulators, sugar, meristem regulators, hormones, and epigenetic proteins are involved in controlling the juvenile-to-adult phase transition, focusing on recent insights into vegetative phase change. We also highlight outstanding questions in the field that need further investigation. Understanding how vegetative phase change is regulated would provide a basis for manipulating agricultural traits under various conditions.

更新日期：2020-12-21

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