Observability is essential to estimate the states of a system from sensor measurements. Observability indicates the sufficiency of the sensors for state estimation. In a highway traffic setting, using global positioning system-enabled smartphones as sensors sets this observability problem in the Lagrangian dynamics framework, in which the moving vehicle that follows the microscopic dynamics of the system senses its own current state. This paper addresses the question of how different numbers of sensor vehicles in the traffic stream affect the observability of the system. This was accomplished by performing spatiotemporal discretization of the traffic hydrodynamics to obtain a system on which the rank observability condition was applied. Then, the observability problem for a generic system was studied in terms of the average penetration of these mobile devices in the traffic stream. Simulation results are provided to support the developments in this paper.

中文翻译：

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使用拉格朗日传感器的高速公路交通观测质量


可观测性对于根据传感器测量来估计系统状态至关重要。可观测性表明传感器对于状态估计的充分性。在高速公路交通环境中，使用支持全球定位系统的智能手机作为传感器在拉格朗日动力学框架中设置了这种可观测性问题，其中遵循系统微观动力学的移动车辆感知其自身的当前状态。本文解决了交通流中不同数量的传感器车辆如何影响系统的可观测性的问题。这是通过对交通流体动力学进行时空离散化以获得应用等级可观测性条件的系统来实现的。然后，根据这些移动设备在流量中的平均渗透率来研究通用系统的可观测性问题。提供仿真结果来支持本文的发展。