An integrated biorefinery concept for yeast-based biodiesel production using durian peel (DP) as a feedstock was developed. After dilute acid hydrolysis, DP hydrolysate (DPH) and DP solid fraction (DPSF) hydrolysis residues were generated. Yeast lipid was produced from undetoxified DPH by Rhodotorula mucilaginosa KKUSY14. DPSF was subjected to a one-step sulfonation process to prepare a solid catalyst (DPSF-SO₃H) and was characterized using FTIR, XRD, and FE-SEM analysis. DPSF-SO₃H catalyst exhibited good catalytic activity for yeast-based biodiesel (FAME) production from wet cell of KKUSY14 grown in DPH by direct transesterification. FAME yields of 81.57% and 78.73% were reached, respectively, for microwave and conventional heating. The fuel properties of FAME were in accordance with the ASTM and EN standards. Based on the higher heating value of FAME produced, an energy output of about 32.44–34.90 MJ/kg was estimated. The proposed bio-refinery concept led to the production of 101.2 kg yeast biomass, 16.0 kg yeast lipid, 717 kg DPSF-SO₃H catalyst, 79.7–82.6 kg FAME, and 70.4 kg yeast residues from 1000 kg of DP waste. This model clearly provides economic benefits by creating value-added products and eliminating any waste streams.

针对榴莲果皮（DP）作为原料的基于酵母的生物柴油生产，提出了一种综合的生物精炼概念。稀酸水解后，生成DP水解产物（DPH）和DP固体馏分（DPSF）水解残留物。酵母脂质是由未经氧化的DPH通过Rhodotorula mucilaginosa KKUSY14产生的。对DPSF进行一步一步磺化处理以制备固体催化剂（DPSF-SO ₃ H），并使用FTIR，XRD和FE-SEM分析对其进行表征。DPSF-SO ₃H催化剂对通过直接酯交换作用在DPH中生长的KKUSY14湿细胞生产基于酵母的生物柴油（FAME）表现出良好的催化活性。微波和常规加热的FAME收率分别达到81.57％和78.73％。FAME的燃料特性符合ASTM和EN标准。基于产生的较高的FAME热值，估计能量输出约为32.44–34.90 MJ / kg。拟议的生物精炼概念可从1000千克DP废物中生产101.2千克酵母生物量，16.0千克酵母脂质，717千克DPSF-SO ₃ H催化剂，79.7-82.6千克FAME和70.4千克酵母残渣。通过创建增值产品并消除任何废物流，该模型显然可带来经济利益。