High Power and Energy Density Aqueous Proton Battery Operated at −90 °C,Advanced Functional Materials

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High Power and Energy Density Aqueous Proton Battery Operated at −90 °C
Advanced Functional Materials ( IF 18.5 ) Pub Date : 2021-02-16 , DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202010127
Tianjiang Sun ₁ , Haihui Du ₁ , Shibing Zheng ₁ , Jinqiang Shi ₁ , Zhanliang Tao ₁

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Freezing electrolyte and sluggish ionic migration kinetics limited the low‐temperature performance of rechargeable batteries. Here, an aqueous proton battery is developed, which achieves both high power density and energy density at the ultralow temperature conditions. Electrolyte including 2 m HBF₄ + 2 m Mn(BF₄)₂ is used for the ultralow freezing point of below −160 °C and high ionic conductivity of 0.21 mS cm⁻¹ at −70 °C. Spectroscopic and nuclear magnetic resonance analysis demonstrate the introduction of BF₄⁻ anions efficiently break the hydrogen‐bond networks of original water molecules, resulting in ultralow freezing point. Based on H⁺ uptake/removal reaction in alloxazine (ALO) anode and MnO₂/Mn²⁺ conversion in carbon felt cathode, the aqueous proton battery can operate regularly even at −90 °C and obtain a high specific discharge capacity of 85 mA h g⁻¹. Benefiting from the rapid diffusion of proton and the pseudocapacitive character of ALO electrolyte, this battery shows a high specific energy density of 110 Wh kg⁻¹ at a specific power density of 1650 W kg⁻¹ at −60 °C. This work presents a new way of developing low‐temperature batteries.

中文翻译：

高功率和高能量密度的质子水电池，工作于−90°C

冻结的电解质和缓慢的离子迁移动力学限制了可充电电池的低温性能。在此，开发了一种水性质子电池，其在超低温条件下既实现了高功率密度又实现了能量密度。电解质包括2 米HBF ₄ + 2 米的Mn（BF ₄）₂是用于超低冻结点以下- 160 ° C和0.21毫秒厘米高的离子电导率^-1在- 70 ° C.光谱和核磁共振分析演示BF ₄的引入^-阴离子有效地破坏了原始水分子的氢键网络，从而导致了超低的凝固点。基于四氧嘧啶（ALO）阳极中的H ⁺吸收/去除反应和碳毡阴极中的MnO ₂ / Mn ²⁺转化，即使在− 90 ° C时，含水质子电池也可以正常工作，并具有85 mA的高比放电容量hg ^-1。得益于质子的快速扩散和ALO电解质的准电容特性，该电池在− 60 °时的比功率密度为1650 W kg ^-1时显示出110 Wh kg ^-1的高比能量密度C.这项工作提出了开发低温电池的新方法。

更新日期：2021-04-15

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