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The Grammar of Russian Metalinguistic Comparatives
Scando-Slavica ( IF 0.2 ) Pub Date : 2017-07-03 , DOI: 10.1080/00806765.2017.1399589
Natalia Zevakhina 1 , Svetlana Dzhakupova 1 , Anna Vishenkova 1
Affiliation  

ABSTRACT The paper studies Russian metalinguistic comparatives. Specifically, it argues that Russian exhibits three single meta-comparatives (skoree ‘sooner’, bol′še ‘more’, and lučše ‘better’, lit.), which are derived as a result of grammaticalisation of corresponding standard comparatives and three double meta-comparatives (skoree bol′še, bol′še skoree, and skoree lučše). From a morphological and syntactic point of view, these meta-comparatives are quite distinct from standard comparatives. Unlike standard comparatives, they have only synthetic forms, are ungrammatical with Genitive and show prosodic restrictions and linearly syntactic preferences. Moreover, the meta-comparatives are divided into two major groups: skoree, bol′še, skoree bol′še, bol′še skoree vs. lučše, skoree lučše. Each of these two groups imposes specific restrictions on a syntactic category and/or grammatical form of the two compared phrases. Last but not least, due to a relatively free combination of skoree with other single meta-comparatives, which results in double meta-comparatives, the paper reveals that skoree is the most grammaticalised meta-comparative in Russian. Abbreviations: ACC — Accusative, COND — Conditional, FUT — Future, GEN — Genitive, CVB — Converb, IMP — Imperative, INF — Infinitive, INS — Instrumental, LOC — Locative, NOM — Nominative, NEG — Negation, NMLZ — Nominalization, PL – Plural, PRS — Present, PST — Past, REFL — Reflexive, SUBJ — Subjunctive, SG – Singular.

中文翻译:

俄罗斯元语言比较级语法

摘要 本文研究俄罗斯元语言比较。具体来说,它认为俄语展示了三个单一的元比较级(skoree 'sooner'、bol'še 'more' 和 lučše 'better',lit.),它们是相应标准比较级和三个双倍的语法化的结果。元比较词(skoree bol'še、bol'še skoree 和 skoree lučše)。从形态和句法的角度来看,这些元比较词与标准比较词完全不同。与标准比较级不同,它们只有合成形式,与属格不合语法,并显示韵律限制和线性句法偏好。此外,元比较分为两大类:skoree, bol'še, skoree bol'še, bol'še skoree vs. lučše, skoree lučše。这两组中的每组都对两个比较短语的句法类别和/或语法形式施加了特定限制。最后但并非最不重要的是,由于 skoree 与其他单一元比较级的相对自由组合,导致双重元比较级,本文揭示 skoree 是俄语中语法化程度最高的元比较级。缩写:ACC — 宾格,COND — 条件,FUT — 未来,GEN — 属格,CVB — 动词,IMP — 命令式,INF — 不定式,INS — 工具,LOC — 位置,NOM — 主格,NEG — 否定,NMLZ — 名词化, PL——复数,PRS——现在,PST——过去,REFL——反身,SUBJ——虚拟语气,SG——单数。这导致了双重元比较,论文表明 skoree 是俄语中语法化程度最高的元比较。缩写:ACC — 宾格,COND — 条件,FUT — 未来,GEN — 属格,CVB — 动词,IMP — 命令式,INF — 不定式,INS — 工具,LOC — 位置,NOM — 主格,NEG — 否定,NMLZ — 名词化, PL——复数,PRS——现在,PST——过去,REFL——反身,SUBJ——虚拟语气,SG——单数。这导致了双重元比较,论文表明 skoree 是俄语中语法化程度最高的元比较。缩写:ACC — 宾格,COND — 条件,FUT — 未来,GEN — 属格,CVB — 动词,IMP — 命令式,INF — 不定式,INS — 工具,LOC — 位置,NOM — 主格,NEG — 否定,NMLZ — 名词化, PL——复数,PRS——现在,PST——过去,REFL——反身,SUBJ——虚拟语气,SG——单数。
更新日期:2017-07-03
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