Phytochemicals, i.e., flavonoids, phenolics, and anthocyanin, extracted from red cabbage, were crosslinked with alginate to prepare biocomposite hydrogel beads (BHB). The preparation of BHB involved three consecutive steps: (1) extraction and solvent reduction of phytochemicals from red cabbage, (2) crosslinking of phytochemicals into alginate matrix using glutaraldehyde, and (3) formation of the hydrogel beads in CaCl₂ solution. The resulting BHB sorbents were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses. The cross-section structure of the BHB was confirmed from the SEM images. The alteration of FTIR peaks implied the success of the crosslinking of phytochemical compounds into the alginate. The adsorption equilibrium and kinetic studies of BHB were conducted using basic blue 9 (BB9) as the model adsorbate. FTIR characterization of the BHB post-adsorption reveals the functional groups of the adsorbent involved in the dye adsorption. The calculated adsorption isotherm, kinetics, and thermodynamic parameters show good agreement with the characterization results of adsorbate post-adsorption. The adsorption isotherm is being in congruence with the Langmuir model, and the highest adsorption capacity recorded was 1442.0 mg g⁻¹ at 323 K and pH of 11.0. Adsorption kinetics was better fitted to the pseudo 1st order model than the pseudo 2nd order and Elovich models, which further support the dye physisorption behavior. The initial adsorption rate was influenced by the rapid surface adsorption followed by intraparticle diffusion. The thermodynamic parameters show the spontaneity of the adsorption, and the adsorption proceeds endothermically. The cost analysis shows the economic feasibility of BHB sorbent production for adsorption applications.

将从红甘蓝中提取的植物化学物质，即黄酮类化合物，酚类和花色苷与藻酸盐交联，以制备生物复合水凝胶微珠（BHB）。BHB的制备涉及三个连续步骤：（1）从红甘蓝中提取和减少植物药中的溶剂；（2）使用戊二醛将植物药交联到藻酸盐基质中；（3）在CaCl _2中形成水凝胶珠解决方案。使用扫描电子显微镜（SEM），傅立叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）和X射线衍射（XRD）分析对所得的BHB吸附剂进行表征。从SEM图像确认了BHB的截面结构。FTIR峰的改变暗示了植物化学化合物交联到藻酸盐中的成功。使用碱性蓝9（BB9）作为模型吸附物进行BHB的吸附平衡和动力学研究。BHB后吸附的FTIR表征揭示了染料吸附过程中所涉及的吸附剂的官能团。计算得出的吸附等温线，动力学和热力学参数与被吸附物后吸附的表征结果吻合良好。吸附等温线与Langmuir模型一致，在323 K和11.0的pH下为^-1。吸附动力学比拟二阶模型和Elovich模型更适合拟一阶模型，这进一步支持了染料的物理吸附行为。初始吸附速率受表面快速吸附，随后颗粒内扩散的影响。热力学参数显示了吸附的自发性，并且吸附以吸热方式进行。成本分析显示了BHB吸附剂生产在吸附应用中的经济可行性。