名词短语的起源：指称、真理和交流,Lingua

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名词短语的起源：指称、真理和交流
Lingua ( IF 1.1 ) Pub Date : 2007-03-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.lingua.2005.04.004
James R. Hurford

本文为 Carstairs-McCarthy (1999) 的问题“为什么所有语言都区分 NP 和句子？”提出了另一种答案，同时与 Carstairs-McCarthy 就基本哲学观点达成一致，例如缺乏真理和句子之间的区别。参考独立于语法，我认为 S/NP 的区别植根于 Topic 和 Comment 之间的基本交际区别。在最早的心理过程中，可以找到长期存在的语言，二进制结构，其组件可以与识别或定位对象的功能相关联，并表示有关它的一些信息。当私人思想公开时，任何代码中的最早消息基本句法具有相似的二分结构，其中一部分传达假定听众已经知道的信息，并识别消息所涉及的对象。双向消息的另一部分传达了假定对听者来说是新的信息。这种二分结构，伴随着可以履行各自角色的表达类型之间的区别，对于公共语言的主要功能，即交流，是如此重要，以至于它从未消失，并且是当今语言中普遍存在的二分结构的基础。# 2005 Elsevier BV 版权所有。它从未被侵蚀掉，并且是当今语言中普遍存在的二分结构的基础。# 2005 Elsevier BV 版权所有。它从未被侵蚀掉，并且是当今语言中普遍存在的二分结构的基础。# 2005 Elsevier BV 版权所有。

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The origin of noun phrases: Reference, truth and communication

This paper argues for an alternative answer to Carstairs-McCarthy’s (1999) question ‘‘Why do all languages distinguish between NPs and sentences?’’ While agreeing on basic philosophical points with Carstairs-McCarthy, such as the lack of a distinction between truth and reference independent of grammar, I argue that the S/NP distinction is rooted in the basic communicative distinction between Topic and Comment. In the very earliest mental processes, long antedating language, binary structure can be found, with components that one can associate with the functions of identifying or locating an object and representing some information about it.When private thoughtwent public, the earliest messages in anycode with rudimentary syntax were of similar bipartite structure, with one part conveying information presumed to be already known to the hearer, and identifying the object that the message is about. The other part of the bipartite message conveyed information presumed to be new to the hearer. This bipartite structure, with its concomitant distinction between types of expression that could fulfil the respective roles, was so central to themain function of public language, namelycommunication, that itwasnevereroded away, and isthe basis of the bipartite structure found universally in languages today. # 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

更新日期：2007-03-01

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