Pharmaceutical active compounds (PhACs) are molecules used for the treatment of physiological disorders that can generate environmental imbalances when discharged into wastewater. In this work, the use of Penicillium oxalicum XD-3.1 as bioremediation tool for the elimination of PhACs in non-sterile real hospital wastewater in batch bench scale bioreactor and its impact on microbial community was evaluated. A quantitative analysis using UHPLC-QToF was performed under three different conditions to determine the elimination of the different (PhACs) by this ascomycetes fungus. On the other hand, the changes on microbial community over time were analysed using Illumina MiSeq sequencing platform and a phylogenetic microarray (PhyloChip). P. oxalicum XD-3.1 was able to reduce the concentration of the majority of the analysed PhACs in 24 h such as ketoprofen, naproxen and paracetamol. Moreover, P. oxalicum inhibited the native fungal populations present in the wastewater, including opportunistic human pathogens such as Mycosphaerella and Drechslera, as well as some bacterial human pathogens belonging to Clostridiaceae and Brucellaceae families. However, important degraders such as Pseudomonadaceae bacteria groups remained in the system, indicating a possible natural consortium formation between fungi and bacteria. These results indicate the possibility to use this system for the removal of PhACs in real applications.

药物活性化合物（PhAC）是用于治疗生理疾病的分子，当排放到废水中时会产生环境失衡。在这项工作中，使用草酸青霉XD-3.1作为生物修复工具，以消除批处理规模生物反应器中非无菌实际医院废水中的PhAC，以及其对微生物群落的影响。在三种不同条件下使用UHPLC-QToF进行了定量分析，以确定该子囊真菌消除了不同的（PhAC）。另一方面，使用Illumina MiSeq测序平台和系统发育微阵列（PhyloChip）分析了微生物群落随时间的变化。草假单胞菌XD-3.1能够在24小时内降低大多数分析的PhAC的浓度，例如酮洛芬，萘普生和对乙酰氨基酚。此外，草酸假单胞菌抑制废水中存在的天然真菌种群，包括机会性人类病原体，例如Mycosphaerella和Drechslera，以及一些属于梭菌科和布鲁氏菌科的细菌性人类病原体。但是，重要的降解物（如假单胞菌科细菌）仍保留在系统中，表明真菌和细菌之间可能形成天然的聚生体。这些结果表明在实际应用中可以使用该系统去除PhAC。