Lithium metal is considered as the ultimate anode candidate for next-generation high-energy storage systems due to its ultrahigh specific capacity and low reduction potential. However, the practical application of lithium metal anode is severely impeded by uncontrollable lithium dendrite growth. In this work, a three-dimensional (3D) N-doped carbon fiber (NCF) network with ion/electron-conductivity has been fabricated by electrospinning the polyacrylonitrile solution and subsequent thermal treatment. The 3D NCF as an interlayer covering on the lithium anode is used to regulate the lithium plating/stripping behavior, accommodating partially deposited Li to realize lithium dendrite-free deposition on the lithium anode. Benefiting from these, the symmetrical cell of Li anode protected by NCF (Li@NCF) delivers long duration time (>1200 h) with a low initial nucleation overpotential (30 mV) at the current density of 1 mA cm⁻². In addition, the full cell of Li@NCF||LiFePO₄ exhibits excellent capacity retention of 114.6 mAh cm⁻² over 360 cycles at the current density of 1 C. This strategy contributes a step forward for dendrite-free lithium metal batteries.

金属锂由于其超高的比容量和低还原电势而被认为是下一代高能量存储系统的最终阳极候选物。然而，不可控的锂枝晶生长严重阻碍了锂金属阳极的实际应用。在这项工作中，通过静电纺丝聚丙烯腈溶液并随后进行热处理，制造了具有离子/电子导电性的三维（3D）N掺杂碳纤维（NCF）网络。3D NCF作为覆盖在锂阳极上的中间层，用于调节锂的电镀/剥离行为，容纳部分沉积的Li，以实现锂阳极上无锂枝晶沉积。受益于这些，受NCF（Li @ NCF）保护的锂阳极对称电池可提供较长的持续时间（>⁻²。另外，Li @ NCF || LiFePO ₄的全电池在1 C的电流密度下在360次循环中显示出114.6 mAh cm ^-2的优异容量保持率。该策略为无枝晶锂金属电池向前迈进了一步。