Antimicrobial hydrogels have been proposed to be interesting materials used for wound healing due to their unique properties. Therefore, numerous scientists have made efforts to design and synthesize antibacterial hydrogels. At present, there are two commonly used methods for preparing antibacterial hydrogels. One is combining antibacterial agents with hydrogels. Antibacterial drugs include antibiotics, some biological extracts, natural polymers and some metal nanoparticles. In this review, physical combination (directly incorporating, swelling diffusion method, encapsulated in carriers) and chemical combination (hydrogels with inherent antibacterial activity, forming chemical bonds) are introduced depending on the methods and types of antibacterial agents incorporated with hydrogels. The other one is light-assisted antibacterial hydrogels, which involve photo-thermal antibacterial hydrogels and photo-dynamic antibacterial hydrogels. The common methods to prepare light-assisted antibacterial hydrogels are also described in this work. With the rapid improvements in antibacterial technology, many novel antibacterial hydrogels are constantly emerging. The most relevant studies and the latest status of research in this area were evaluated in this review.

抗菌水凝胶由于其独特的性质已被认为是用于伤口愈合的有趣材料。因此，许多科学家已经努力设计和合成抗菌水凝胶。目前，有两种常用的制备抗菌水凝胶的方法。一种是将抗菌剂与水凝胶结合使用。抗菌药物包括抗生素，一些生物提取物，天然聚合物和一些金属纳米颗粒。在这篇综述中，根据与水凝胶结合的抗菌剂的方法和类型，引入了物理结合（直接结合，溶胀扩散法，封装在载体中）和化学结合（具有固有抗菌活性的水凝胶，形成化学键）。另一个是光辅助抗菌水凝胶，其中涉及光热抗菌水凝胶和光动力抗菌水凝胶。这项工作中还介绍了制备光辅助抗菌水凝胶的常用方法。随着抗菌技术的飞速发展，许多新型抗菌水凝胶不断涌现。这篇综述评估了该领域中最相关的研究和最新的研究状况。