Witnessing power shifts among major countries in the world, scholars and policymakers alike are confronted with crucial questions about the international institutional order: Do power shifts expedite the collapse of the order? Who are its major challengers, and why? This article tackles these issues, drawing on rationalist theories of international institutions that include both realist and neoliberal thinking. I analyse how the making of the international institutional order, along with its evolution, informs us of the sources of challenges to that order. Accordingly, I explain why the country most powerful in making the international institutional order—thus the apparent beneficiary of that order—ends up nursing so many grievances against it. I illustrate this thesis in the areas of collective security, international trade, and democracy promotion. This article contributes to important debates on global governance and raises policy implications for the rewriting of international rules.

中文翻译：

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对国际制度秩序的挑战

目睹世界主要国家之间的权力转移，学者和政策制定者都面临着有关国际制度秩序的关键问题：权力转移是否会加速秩序的崩溃？谁是它的主要挑战者，为什么？本文利用包括现实主义和新自由主义思想在内的国际机构的理性主义理论来解决这些问题。我分析国际制度秩序的形成及其演变如何使我们了解该秩序面临的挑战的根源。因此，我解释了为什么该国在制定国际制度秩序方面最有权力（因此显然是该秩序的受益者）最终导致对它的如此多怨恨。我在集体安全，国际贸易，和民主促进。本文为有关全球治理的重要辩论做出了贡献，并为重写国际规则提出了政策含义。