平衡行为：中央杏仁核内的促和抗压力肽在焦虑和酒精使用障碍中的作用,Journal of Neurochemistry

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平衡行为：中央杏仁核内的促和抗压力肽在焦虑和酒精使用障碍中的作用
Journal of Neurochemistry ( IF 4.2 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-15 , DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15301
Leigh C Walker _{1,

2}

Affiliation

杏仁核 (CeA) 的中央核被广泛认为是一种整合食欲和厌恶刺激的结构。虽然内在的 CeA 微电路主要由调节杏仁核输出的 GABA 能神经元组成，但 CeA 的一个显着特征是它表达的神经肽和神经肽/神经调节剂受体的异质性。人们越来越关注 CeA 在调解精神病理学方面的作用，包括压力和焦虑状态及其与酒精使用障碍的相互作用。在 CeA 中，神经肽和神经调节剂通常会发挥促应激或抗应激作用，这会影响焦虑和酒精相关行为。反过来，饮酒会导致 CeA 内的适应，这可能使个人更容易受到压力，这是重新寻求酒精的主要诱因。本综述研究了神经回路、神经化学表型以及促和抗应激肽系统如何在 CeA 内起作用以调节焦虑和酒精寻求，重点是动物模型的临床前观察。此外，探索了以基因定义的种群或神经元集合为目标的文献，以及 CeA 在介导压力 x 酒精相互作用中的性别差异中的作用。

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A balancing act: the role of pro- and anti-stress peptides within the central amygdala in anxiety and alcohol use disorders

The central nucleus of the amygdala (CeA) is widely implicated as a structure that integrates both appetitive and aversive stimuli. While intrinsic CeA microcircuits primarily consist of GABAergic neurons that regulate amygdala output, a notable feature of the CeA is the heterogeneity of neuropeptides and neuropeptide/neuromodulator receptors that it expresses. There is growing interest in the role of the CeA in mediating psychopathologies, including stress and anxiety states and their interactions with alcohol use disorders. Within the CeA, neuropeptides and neuromodulators often exert pro- or anti- stress actions, which can influence anxiety and alcohol associated behaviours. In turn, alcohol use can cause adaptions within the CeA, which may render an individual more vulnerable to stress which is a major trigger of relapse to alcohol seeking. This review examines the neurocircuitry, neurochemical phenotypes and how pro- and anti-stress peptide systems act within the CeA to regulate anxiety and alcohol seeking, focusing on preclinical observations from animal models. Furthermore, literature exploring the targeting of genetically defined populations or neuronal ensembles and the role of the CeA in mediating sex differences in stress x alcohol interactions are explored.

更新日期：2021-01-15

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