工程化的多功能纳米和生物材料，用于癌症免疫治疗,Advanced Healthcare Materials

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工程化的多功能纳米和生物材料，用于癌症免疫治疗
Advanced Healthcare Materials ( IF 10.0 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-14 , DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202001680
Anthony Brouillard ₁ , Nilesh Deshpande ₁ , Ashish A. Kulkarni _{1,

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Affiliation

癌症免疫疗法将成为癌症疗法的未来。但是，最近在不同癌症中进行的免疫疗法试验均未达到最佳效果，仅一小部分患者出现了持久反应。工程化的多功能纳米材料和生物材料是多功能平台，当将其应用于癌症免疫治疗时，可以引发强烈的免疫反应并提高抗癌功效。尽管存在基于聚合物和脂质的纳米粒子等传统系统，但还有许多其他具有固有和累加特性的材料，可以使免疫系统更有效地激活。通过综合和应用多功能策略，它可以在癌症表现出的各种情况下使用更广泛，更有效的工具。在这里，讨论了几种类型的纳米级和生物材料策略和平台，它们为靶向和激活免疫系统的多个方面提供了固有的优势。总体而言，本综述旨在全面了解多功能癌症免疫治疗领域的最新进展以及趋势，这些趋势为通过适应性免疫系统或先天性免疫系统，甚至同时通过两者同时引起的应答，为肿瘤的更多样化和战术性回归铺平了道路。。

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Engineered Multifunctional Nano‐ and Biological Materials for Cancer Immunotherapy

Cancer immunotherapy is set to emerge as the future of cancer therapy. However, recent immunotherapy trials in different cancers have yielded sub‐optimal results, with durable responses seen in only a small fraction of patients. Engineered multifunctional nanomaterials and biological materials are versatile platforms that can elicit strong immune responses and improve anti‐cancer efficacy when applied to cancer immunotherapy. While there are traditional systems such as polymer‐ and lipid‐based nanoparticles, there is a wide variety of other materials with inherent and additive properties that can allow for more potent activation of the immune system. By synthesizing and applying multifunctional strategies, it allows for a more extensive and more effective repertoire of tools to use in the wide variety of situations that cancer presents itself. Here, several types of nanoscale and biological material strategies and platforms that provide their inherent benefits for targeting and activating multiple aspects of the immune system are discussed. Overall, this review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of recent advances in the field of multifunctional cancer immunotherapy and trends that pave the way for more diverse and tactical regression of tumors through soliciting responses by either the adaptive or innate immune system, and even both simultaneously.

更新日期：2021-03-17

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