解释改革：后新公共管理神话还是政治现实？英国和法国的社会住房交付,International Review of Administrative Sciences

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解释改革：后新公共管理神话还是政治现实？英国和法国的社会住房交付
International Review of Administrative Sciences ( IF 2.7 ) Pub Date : 2018-02-20 , DOI: 10.1177/0020852317746223
Martin Laffin ₁

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本文考察了这样一种假设，即最近的社会和公共服务改革可以理解为从新公共管理向后新公共管理的过渡。英语和法语的社会住房交付被选为两个案例来检验这一假设，因为表面上这些交付结构具有显着的跨国、后 NPM 相似性——中央政府朝着更加“赋能”或指导作用的运动，建立协调机构、“权力下放”倡议、广泛使用公私安排来资助社会住房以及广泛的非政府组织和半政府组织的参与。然而，进一步的调查表明，这些交付结构的改革并没有像本文假设的那样主要由正在展开的后 NPM 管理或治理逻辑驱动。相反，在制度遗产和根深蒂固的社会价值观的背景下，改革是由中央政府决策者的党派选举和意识形态目标推动的。实践者的观点新公共管理和后新公共管理已成为行政改革的传统智慧，特别是在比较背景下。本文认为，这些想法反映了对公共行政的贫乏理解，因为它们假设变革主要通过管理和/或治理逻辑的展开而发生。这些逻辑排除了政党和其他社会政治因素（例如城市动荡）在推动变革方面的关键作用。英法对社会住房提供的分析证明了这些政治因素在决策者如何定义社会问题、重新设计和实施社会住房服务提供系统方面的重要性。

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Explaining reforms: post-New Public Management myths or political realities? Social housing delivery in England and France

This article examines the assumption that recent reforms in social and public services can be understood as a transition from New Public Management to post-New Public Management. English and French social housing delivery are selected as two cases in which to test out this assumption, for ostensibly these delivery structures share significant cross-national, post-NPM similarities – a movement towards a more ‘enabling’ or steering role for central government, the creation of coordinating agencies, ‘decentralization’ initiatives, the extensive use of public–private arrangements to finance social housing and the involvement of a wide range of extra- and semi-governmental organizations. However, further investigation reveals that these reforms of delivery structures have not been predominantly driven by an unfolding post-NPM managerial or governance logic as the thesis assumes. Rather the reforms have been driven by the partisan electoral and ideological goals of central government policymakers within the context of institutional legacies and entrenched social values. Points for practitioners New Public Management and post-New Public Management have become the conventional wisdom on administrative reforms particularly in a comparative context. This article argues that these ideas reflect an impoverished understanding of public administration given that they assume that change occurs predominantly through the unfolding of managerial and/or governance logics. These logics exclude the critical role of the political parties and other socio-political factors, such as urban unrest, in driving change. This Anglo-French analysis of social housing delivery demonstrates the significance of these political factors in how policymakers define social problems, re-design and implement social housing service delivery systems.

更新日期：2018-02-20

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