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Polished Stone Axes in Caput Adriae from the Neolithic to the Copper Age
Journal of World Prehistory ( IF 3.8 ) Pub Date : 2018-11-15 , DOI: 10.1007/s10963-018-9125-z
Federico Bernardini

This paper reports the results of a long-term project on the stone axes from Caput Adriae. Available data show that jade axes originating in the western Alps reached the Neolithic groups of Friuli Venezia Giulia and coastal Istria as early as the second half of the 6th millennium BC, during the Danilo/Vlaška culture. The exchange of this and other classes of lithic artefacts testifies that in this period this area was fully integrated into long-distance exchange systems that used mainly coastal routes. These systems would have continued in the 5th millennium BC, as indicated by a few oversized jade axe blades and other materials. Far from the coast, jade axes entered central Slovenia, probably reaching sites of the Sava Group of the Lengyel culture in the first half of the 5th millennium BC. In roughly the same period, shaft-hole axes made of Bohemian metabasites (BM) spread over central and southeastern Europe, crossed the Alps and reached Italy. According to different Neolithic traditions, during the 5th millennium BC Europe appears to be divided into a jade-using western area and a central-eastern BM-using one. During the 4th millennium BC, the exchange networks of Caput Adriae are increasingly influenced by the eastern Alpine and Balkan world, where the raw material sources of the main groups of shaft-hole axes are located. The association of the rocks used for axe production and copper ore suggests that the changes in raw material exploitation strategies during the Copper Age were probably related to the development of the first metallurgy.

中文翻译:

从新石器时代到铜器时代,Caput Adriae的抛光石斧

本文报告了Caput Adriae在石器轴上进行的一项长期项目的结果。现有数据显示,早在公元前6世纪下半叶达尼洛/弗拉斯卡文化期间,起源于阿尔卑斯山西部的玉轴就到达了新石器时代的弗留利·威尼斯·朱利亚和沿海伊斯特拉。这种和其他类别的石器物的交换证明,在此期间,该地区已完全整合到主要使用沿海路线的长途交换系统中。这些系统将在公元前5世纪继续存在,如一些特大的玉斧和其他材料所表明的那样。玉石斧头远离海岸,进入斯洛文尼亚中部,可能在公元前五千年前半叶到达了伦吉尔文化的萨瓦族遗址。在大约同一时期,由波西米亚变质岩(BM)制成的井眼轴遍布中欧和东南欧,越过阿尔卑斯山到达意大利。根据新石器时代的不同传统,在公元前5世纪,欧洲似乎被划分为使用玉器的西部地区和中东部使用BM的地区。在公元前4世纪,Caput Adriae的交换网络越来越受到东部高山和巴尔干世界的影响,那里是主要的井眼轴的原材料来源。用于斧头生产的岩石与铜矿石的联系表明,在铜时代,原材料开采策略的变化可能与第一冶金学的发展有关。根据新石器时代的不同传统,在公元前5世纪,欧洲似乎被划分为使用玉器的西部地区和中东部使用BM的地区。在公元前4世纪,Caput Adriae的交换网络越来越受到东部高山和巴尔干地区的影响,那里是主要的井眼轴组的原材料来源。用于斧头生产的岩石与铜矿石的联系表明,在铜时代,原材料开采策略的变化可能与第一冶金学的发展有关。根据新石器时代的不同传统,在公元前5世纪,欧洲似乎被划分为使用玉器的西部地区和中东部使用BM的地区。在公元前4世纪,Caput Adriae的交换网络越来越受到东部高山和巴尔干世界的影响,那里是主要的井眼轴的原材料来源。用于斧头生产的岩石与铜矿石的联系表明,在铜时代,原材料开采策略的变化可能与第一冶金学的发展有关。卡普特阿德里亚(Caput Adriae)的交换网络越来越受到东部高山和巴尔干世界的影响,那里是主要的井眼轴组的原材料来源。用于斧头生产的岩石与铜矿石的联系表明,在铜时代,原材料开采策略的变化可能与第一冶金学的发展有关。卡普特阿德里亚(Caput Adriae)的交换网络越来越受到东部高山和巴尔干世界的影响,那里是主要的井眼轴组的原材料来源。用于斧头生产的岩石与铜矿石的联系表明,在铜时代,原材料开采策略的变化可能与第一冶金学的发展有关。
更新日期:2018-11-15
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