社会工作理论与实践相结合：对芬兰从业者的干预,Qualitative Social Work

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社会工作理论与实践相结合：对芬兰从业者的干预
Qualitative Social Work ( IF 1.7 ) Pub Date : 2020-01-16 , DOI: 10.1177/1473325019900287
Heidi Muurinen ₁ , Aino Kääriäinen ₁

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社会工作者如何在日常实践中应用理论？根据约翰杜威的说法，理论是分析情况和形成假设的有用工具，这些假设在实际实验中得到检验。受杜威实用主义哲学的启发，我们设计了一个“实践与理论”试点干预小组，在其中为社会工作者提供外部的、理论驱动的监督。本研究是试点干预组的三个案例研究。基于对最后一次小组会议和后续小组访谈中的反思性讨论的主题分析，我们调查了社会工作者在将理论知识应用于实践时所描述的困难。我们探讨了他们在反思和试验理论知识时认识到的后果。我们的研究表明，主要障碍是缺乏时间和理论途径、改变自己的实践和建立支持结构的困难、缺乏理解角色理论的能力以及变得疏远的理论。然而，三个实践和理论小组所经历的积极后果表明，试点干预可以作为将理论研究融入实践的潜在模式。参与者认为，反思理论能够带来新的理解，并允许尝试新的操作方式。参加小组还提高了社工的论证能力，帮助他们认识自己的专业知识。它还提高了职业自尊并促进了自我发展。在小组中，对话，

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Integrating theory and practice in social work: An intervention with practitioners in Finland

How could social workers apply theory in their everyday practice? According to John Dewey, theories are helpful instruments in analysing situations and forming hypotheses which are tested in practical experiments. Inspired by Dewey’s pragmatist philosophy, we designed a “Practice and Theory” pilot intervention group in which social workers were provided external, theory-driven supervision. This research is a three-case study of the pilot intervention group. Based on a thematic analysis of reflective discussions during the last group sessions and follow-up group interviews, we investigate the difficulties the social workers described in applying theoretical knowledge to practice. We explore what consequences they recognized when reflecting on and experimenting with theoretical knowledge. Our study demonstrates that the major barriers were lack of time and access to theories, difficulties in changing one’s own practice and establishing supportive structures, the lack of competence to understand the role theories and having become estranged theories. However, the positive consequences experienced in the three Practice and Theory groups suggest that the pilot intervention could serve as a potential model for integrating theoretical research into practice. The participants considered that reflecting theories enabled new understanding as well as allowed experimenting with new ways of operating. Participating in the group also improved social workers’ argumentation, helping them to recognize their own expertise. It also raised professional self-esteem and enabled self-development. In the group, the dialogical, reflective and experimental inquiry were key to understanding how theoretical knowledge can open new perspectives.

更新日期：2020-01-16

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