Effects of enzymatic treatments on the hydrolysis and antigenicity reduction of natural cow milk,Food Science & Nutrition

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Effects of enzymatic treatments on the hydrolysis and antigenicity reduction of natural cow milk
Food Science & Nutrition ( IF 3.5 ) Pub Date : 2020-12-30 , DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2066
Xiaona Liang ₁ , Hui Yang ₁ , Jing Sun ₁ , Jiao Cheng ₁ , Xue Luo ₁ , Zongzhou Wang ₁ , Mei Yang ₁ , Dong Bing Tao ₁ , Xiqing Yue ₁ , Yan Zheng ₁

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Cow milk (CM) allergy is one of the most common food allergies worldwide; the most abundant CM proteins, such as casein (CN), β‐lactoglobulin (β‐LG), and ɑ‐lactalbumin (ɑ‐LA), are all potentially allergenic. Reducing the antigenicity of CM continues to be a major challenge. However, previous studies have focused on the antigenicity of individual allergic CM proteins. Thus, in the present study, we aimed to evaluate the effects of different food‐grade enzymes on the antigenicity of CN, β‐LG, ɑ‐LA in natural CM. The degree of hydrolysis (DH) and molecular mass (MW) distribution of CM hydrolysates were assessed. Additionally, the residual antigenicity of CM hydrolysates was evaluated through enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay and Western blotting with anti‐CN, anti‐β‐LG, and anti‐ɑ‐LA rabbit polyclonal antibodies. The results showed that Alcalase‐ and Protamex‐mediated hydrolysis could efficiently reduce the antigenicity of CN, β‐LG, and ɑ‐LA, inducing a higher DH, the loss of density of CM proteins, and the increasing levels of low MW (<3 kDa) peptides in CM hydrolysates. Further, Protamex and Alcalase could more efficiently hydrolyze the major allergenic components of CM than the other enzymes, which could represent an advantage for the development of hypoallergenic CM. These findings add further knowledge about the study and development of hypoallergenic CM.

中文翻译：

酶处理对天然牛奶水解和抗原性降低的影响

牛奶（CM）过敏是全世界最常见的食物过敏之一；最丰富的 CM 蛋白，如酪蛋白 (CN)、β-乳球蛋白 (β-LG) 和 ɑ-乳白蛋白 (ɑ-LA) 均具有潜在过敏性。降低 CM 的抗原性仍然是一个重大挑战。然而，之前的研究主要集中在个体过敏性 CM 蛋白的抗原性上。因此，在本研究中，我们旨在评估不同食品级酶对天然CM中CN、β-LG、ɑ-LA抗原性的影响。评估了 CM 水解产物的水解度 (DH) 和分子量 (MW) 分布。此外，通过酶联免疫吸附测定和抗 CN、抗 β-LG 和抗 ɑ-LA 兔多克隆抗体的蛋白质印迹法评估了 CM 水解产物的残留抗原性。结果表明，Alcalase 和 Protamex 介导的水解可以有效降低 CN、β-LG 和 ɑ-LA 的抗原性，诱导更高的 DH、CM 蛋白密度的损失以及低 MW 水平的增加（< 3 kDa) CM 水解产物中的肽。此外，与其他酶相比，Protamex 和 Alcalase 可以更有效地水解 CM 的主要过敏成分，这可能代表了低过敏性 CM 开发的优势。这些发现进一步增加了有关低过敏性 CM 的研究和开发的知识。

更新日期：2021-02-07

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