Spent automotive catalysts are the most crucial secondary resources of platinum group metals (PGMs). Currently, the iron-capturing method is one of the most promising technologies for PGMs recycling. The residual smelting slags contain large amounts of CaO, Al₂O₃, MgO, SiO₂, Na₂O, and the trace of heavy metals (e.g. Cr, Pb, Ni), which are classified as solid waste or even hazardous waste, which are typically treated by landfills, and poses severe threats to the environment. In this paper, based on the specific chemical composition of smelting slags, ceramic foams with high porosity, low density and good thermal insulation were fabricated by particle-stabilized foams method, where long-chain surfactant hexadecyltrimethylammonium chloride served as the hydrophobic modifier of slag particles and colloidal silica as binding agent. Herein, the influence of sintering temperature and the amount of smelting slag on the physical properties of obtained porous ceramics were systematically investigated. The results showed that porous ceramics with a bulk density of 0.40–0.64 g/cm³, open porosity of 74.7–83.4%, thermal conductivity of 0.10–0.21 W/(m∙K) and compressive strength of 1.04–4.01 MPa can be obtained with the mass ratio of slag: colloidal silica of 2:1, 3:1 and 4:1 sintered at 1000°C for 2 h. The porous ceramics with these unique properties are promising to be applied as thermal insulation materials. This convenient, facile and versatile approach is also expected to fabricate porous ceramics by using other solid waste as raw materials.

用过的汽车催化剂是铂族金属（PGM）的最关键的辅助资源。目前，铁捕获方法是用于PGM回收的最有前途的技术之一。残留的熔渣含有大量的CaO，Al ₂ O ₃，MgO，SiO ₂，Na ₂O和痕量重金属（例如Cr，Pb，Ni），它们被归类为固体废物或什至是危险废物，通常由垃圾填埋场处理，对环境构成严重威胁。本文根据熔渣的具体化学成分，采用颗粒稳定泡沫法制备了孔隙率高，密度低，隔热性好的陶瓷泡沫，其中长链表面活性剂十六烷基三甲基氯化铵为熔渣颗粒的疏水改性剂。和胶体二氧化硅作为粘合剂。在此，系统地研究了烧结温度和熔渣量对所得多孔陶瓷物理性能的影响。结果表明，多孔陶瓷的堆积密度为0.40–0.64 g / cm ³炉渣：胶体二氧化硅的质量比为2：1、3：1时，可以获得74.7–83.4％的开孔孔隙率，0.10–0.21 W /（m∙K）的导热系数和1.04–4.01 MPa的抗压强度和4：1在1000℃下烧结2小时。具有这些独特性能的多孔陶瓷有望用作绝热材料。还期望这种方便，方便且通用的方法通过使用其他固体废物作为原料来制造多孔陶瓷。