This article investigates prototypically attributive versus predicative adjectives in English in terms of the phonological properties that have been associated especially with nouns versus verbs in a substantial body of psycholinguistic research (e.g. Kelly 1992) – often ignored in theoretical linguistic work on word classes. Inspired by Berg's (2000, 2009) ‘cross-level harmony constraint’, the hypothesis I test is that prototypically attributive adjectives not only align more with nouns than with verbs syntactically, semantically and pragmatically, but also phonologically – and likewise for prototypically predicative adjectives and verbs. I analyse the phonological structure of frequent adjectives from the Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA), and show that the data do indeed support the hypothesis. Berg's ‘cross-level harmony constraint’ may thus apply not only to the entire word classes noun, verb and adjective, but also to these two adjectival subclasses. I discuss several theoretical issues that emerge. The facts are most readily accommodated in a usage-based model, such as Radical Construction Grammar (Croft 2001), where these adjectives are seen as forming two distinct but overlapping classes. Drawing also on recent research by Boyd & Goldberg (2011) and Hao (2015), I explore the possible nature and emergence of these classes in some detail.

中文翻译：

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定语形容词的“名词性”和谓语形容词的“冗长”：来自音韵学的证据

本文根据大量心理语言学研究（例如，Kelly 1992）中的名词与动词相关的语音特性，研究了英语中典型的定语形容词与谓语形容词的原型 - 在词类的理论语言学工作中经常被忽略。受 Berg (2000, 2009) 的“跨层次和谐约束”的启发，我检验的假设是，原型定语形容词不仅在句法、语义和语用上与名词比与动词更一致，而且在语音上——对于原型表语形容词也是如此和动词。我分析了常用形容词的语音结构当代美式英语语料库(COCA)，并表明数据确实支持该假设。因此，伯格的“跨层次和谐约束”不仅适用于整个词类名词、动词和形容词，而且适用于这两个形容词子类。我讨论了几个出现的理论问题。这些事实最容易适应基于用法的模型，例如激进结构语法（Croft 2001），其中这些形容词被视为形成两个不同但重叠的类别。还借鉴了 Boyd & Goldberg (2011) 和 Hao (2015) 最近的研究，我详细探讨了这些类别的可能性质和出现。