展望未来：单细胞空间蛋白质组学的新兴时代,The FEBS Journal

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展望未来：单细胞空间蛋白质组学的新兴时代
The FEBS Journal ( IF 5.5 ) Pub Date : 2020-12-22 , DOI: 10.1111/febs.15685
Indranil Paul ₁ , Carl White ₁ , Isabella Turcinovic ₁ , Andrew Emili ₁

Affiliation

人类细胞的蛋白质组在细胞器（如细胞核）和其他亚细胞区室（如细胞质）内进行划分，形成无数的膜结合和无膜超微结构。这种划分允许离散的生化过程在隔离中有效地发生，相关蛋白质定位于适当的生态位以实现其生物学功能。隔间之间蛋白质的正确传递和动态交换是许多细胞过程调节的基础，例如细胞信号传导、分裂和程序性细胞死亡。为此，细胞部署专门的运输机制以确保正确的蛋白质定位，因为错误定位会导致病理。除了贩运之外，表达方式的变异、修饰、细胞内和细胞间蛋白质的物理结合会导致生物异质性，从而激发对单细胞测量的需求。在这篇综述中，我们介绍了为亚细胞蛋白质组学和高通量系统生物学开发的多种平台技术，旨在为健康和疾病状态的基本细胞生物学过程以及有价值的公共数据资源提供机制见解。与单细胞基因组学领域的快速发展相比，单细胞空间蛋白质组学工具箱仍处于起步阶段，但有望在未来几年取得相当大的进步。我们介绍了为亚细胞蛋白质组学和高通量系统生物学开发的多种平台技术，旨在为健康和疾病状态下的基本细胞生物学过程提供机制见解，以及有价值的公共数据资源。与单细胞基因组学领域的快速发展相比，单细胞空间蛋白质组学工具箱仍处于起步阶段，但有望在未来几年取得相当大的进步。我们介绍了为亚细胞蛋白质组学和高通量系统生物学开发的多种平台技术，旨在为健康和疾病状态下的基本细胞生物学过程提供机制见解，以及有价值的公共数据资源。与单细胞基因组学领域的快速发展相比，单细胞空间蛋白质组学工具箱仍处于起步阶段，但有望在未来几年取得相当大的进步。

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Imaging the future: the emerging era of single-cell spatial proteomics

The proteome of a human cell is partitioned within organelles, such as the nucleus, and other subcellular compartments, such as the cytoplasm, forming a myriad of membrane-bound and membrane-free ultrastructures. This compartmentalization allows discrete biochemical processes to occur efficiently in isolation, with relevant proteins localized to appropriate niches to fulfill their biological function(s). Proper delivery and dynamic exchange of proteins between compartments underlie the regulation of many cellular processes, such as cell signaling, division, and programmed cell death. To this end, cells deploy dedicated trafficking mechanisms to ensure correct protein localization, as mis-localization can result in pathology. In addition to trafficking, variation in the expression, modification, and physical associations of proteins within and between cells can result in biological heterogeneity, motivating the need for single-cell measurements. In this review, we introduce diverse platform technologies developed for subcellular proteomics and high-throughput systems biology, with the aim of providing mechanistic insights into fundamental cell biological processes underlying healthy and diseased states, and valuable public data resources. In contrast to the rapidly advancing field of single-cell genomics, the single-cell spatial proteomics toolbox remains in its infancy, but is poised to make considerable advances in the coming years.

更新日期：2020-12-22

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