ABSTRACT

We review work from persuasion science relevant to reducing prejudiced attitudes. We begin by introducing the idea that the thoughts people generate – their number and valence – are critical for understanding when responding to persuasive attempts will result in egalitarian attitudes. A focus on thinking highlights the importance of understanding short and long-term attitude change in promoting diversity. How much people think is also consequential for spreading of initial change to more distal attitudes and generalization of change to other judgments. The second section describes a process of thought validation that emphasizes the importance of considering what people think and feel about their own thoughts. This meta-cognitive process is shown to make a difference in producing consequential changes in reducing prejudiced attitudes toward African Americans, immigrants, refugees, individuals with disabilities, and beyond. The conditions under which variables such as minority status and stigmatized sources affect elaboration and validation are also specified. The fourth section explores how these two processes are relevant for understanding explicit and implicit ambivalence and change in the domain of prejudiced attitudes. We highlight the utility of a process-oriented approach for designing future research and promoting more inclusive attitudes and actions.

摘要

我们回顾说服科学方面与减轻偏见有关的工作。我们首先介绍一种想法，即人们产生的思想（数量和效价）对于理解说服力的尝试会导致平等主义态度时的理解至关重要。对思维的关注凸显了理解短期和长期态度变化对促进多样性的重要性。人们的想法对于将初始变化传播到更远端的态度以及将变化推广到其他判断也很重要。第二部分描述了思想验证的过程，该过程强调了考虑人们对自己的思想的看法的重要性。结果表明，这种元认知过程在产生相应的变化方面有所不同，从而减少了对非裔美国人，移民，难民，残障人士及其他人士的偏见。还规定了少数群体身份和污名化的来源等变量影响阐述和验证的条件。第四部分探讨了这两个过程与理解偏见态度领域中显性和隐性的矛盾和变化如何相关。我们重点介绍了面向过程的方法在设计未来研究和促进更具包容性的态度和行动方面的效用。还规定了少数群体身份和污名化的来源等变量影响阐述和验证的条件。第四部分探讨了这两个过程与理解偏见态度领域中显性和隐性的矛盾和变化如何相关。我们重点介绍了面向过程的方法在设计未来研究和促进更具包容性的态度和行动方面的效用。还规定了少数群体身份和污名化的来源等变量影响阐述和验证的条件。第四部分探讨了这两个过程与理解偏见态度领域中显性和隐性的矛盾和变化如何相关。我们重点介绍了面向过程的方法在设计未来研究和促进更具包容性的态度和行动方面的效用。