Polydopamine (PDA) has shown great potentials in biomedical fields due largely to its unique physicochemical properties, including high photothermal transfer efficiency, excellent drug binding capacity, versatile adhesion ability, sensitive pH responsibility and great biocompatibility and biodegradability. These properties confer PDA-based nanoparticles the potentials either as the drug carriers for advanced drug delivery or as the bioactive agents for photothermal therapy, imaging and biosensing. This review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of PDA, its polymerization mechanisms and the potentials of PDA-based nano-systems in treating various diseases, including cancer, diabetes, inflammation, bacterial infection and Parkinson’s disease. In addition, the concerns of PDA in biomedical use are also discussed.

聚多巴胺（PDA）在生物医学领域已显示出巨大的潜力，这主要归因于其独特的理化特性，包括高的光热传递效率，出色的药物结合能力，广泛的粘附能力，敏感的pH值以及出色的生物相容性和生物降解性。这些特性赋予了基于PDA的纳米颗粒潜力，这些潜力既可以用作先进药物输送的药物载体，又可以用作光热疗法，成像和生物传感的生物活性剂。这篇综述旨在全面了解PDA，其聚合机制以及基于PDA的纳米系统在治疗各种疾病（包括癌症，糖尿病，炎症，细菌感染和帕金森氏病）中的潜力。此外，还讨论了PDA在生物医学中的应用。