<br>碳捕集与利用技术生命周期环境影响分析综述,ChemSusChem

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碳捕集与利用技术生命周期环境影响分析综述
ChemSusChem ( IF 7.5 ) Pub Date : 2020-12-13 , DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202002126
Guillermo Garcia-Garcia ₁ , Marta Cruz Fernandez ₂ , Katy Armstrong ₁ , Steven Woolass ₂ , Peter Styring ₁

Affiliation

碳捕获和利用（CCU）已被提议作为一种可持续的替代方案，通过减少全球变暖的影响和化石资源的消耗来生产有价值的化学品。为了保证CCU工艺比传统生产工艺具有环境优势，必须进行彻底、系统的环境影响分析。生命周期评估（LCA）是一种可以用来实现这一目标的强大方法。在此背景下，本文旨在回顾几种 CCU 工艺的生命周期环境影响，重点关注甲醇、甲烷、二甲醚、碳酸二甲酯、丙烷和丙烯的生产。系统的文献综述用于收集已发表的有关环境影响和潜在效益的相关证据。对此类信息的分析表明，与同一产品的传统制造工艺相比，CCU 通常可以减少环境影响，特别是全球变暖/气候变化。为了实现这种环境改善，必须使用可再生能源，特别是通过水电解生产氢气。重要的是，LCA 研究中使用了不同的方法选择，导致结果不具有可比性。显然需要协调 CCU 系统分析的 LCA 方法，更重要的是，在 LCA 报告中记录并证明此类方法选择的合理性。

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Analytical Review of Life‐Cycle Environmental Impacts of Carbon Capture and Utilization Technologies

Carbon capture and utilization (CCU) has been proposed as a sustainable alternative to produce valuable chemicals by reducing the global warming impact and depletion of fossil resources. To guarantee that CCU processes have environmental advantages over conventional production processes, thorough and systematic environmental impact analyses must be performed. Life‐Cycle Assessment (LCA) is a robust methodology that can be used to fulfil this aim. In this context, this article aims to review the life‐cycle environmental impacts of several CCU processes, focusing on the production of methanol, methane, dimethyl ether, dimethyl carbonate, propane and propene. A systematic literature review is used to collect relevant published evidence of the environmental impacts and potential benefits. An analysis of such information shows that CCU generally provides a reduction of environmental impacts, notably global warming/climate change, compared to conventional manufacturing processes of the same product. To achieve such environmental improvements, renewable energy must be used, particularly to produce hydrogen from water electrolysis. Importantly, different methodological choices are identified that are being used in the LCA studies, making results not comparable. There is a clear need to harmonize LCA methods for the analyses of CCU systems, and more importantly, to document and justify such methodological choices in the LCA report.

更新日期：2021-02-18

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