Processes that can convert lignocellulosic biomass into biofuels and chemicals are particularly attractive considering renewability and minimal environmental impact. Ionic liquids (ILs) have been used as novel solvents in the process development in that they can effectively deconstruct recalcitrant lignocellulosic biomass for high sugar yield and lignin recovery. From cellulose-dissolving ILs to choline-based and protic acidic ILs, extensive research in this field has been done, driven by the promising future of IL pretreatment. Meanwhile, shortcomings and technological hurdles are ascertained during research and developments. It is necessary to present a general overview of recent developments and challenges in this field. In this review paper, three aspects of advances in IL pretreatment are critically analyzed: biocompatible ILs, protic acidic ILs and combinatory pretreatments.

考虑到可再生性和对环境的影响最小，可以将木质纤维素生物质转化为生物燃料和化学药品的工艺特别有吸引力。离子液体（ILs）在过程开发中已被用作新型溶剂，因为它们可以有效地分解难降解的木质纤维素生物质，从而实现高糖收率和木质素的回收率。从溶解纤维素的IL到胆碱基和质子酸性IL，在IL预处理的前景广阔的推动下，已经在该领域进行了广泛的研究。同时，在研发过程中确定了缺点和技术障碍。有必要对这一领域的最新发展和挑战进行总体概述。在这篇综述文件中，对IL预处理的三个方面进行了严格分析：生物相容性IL，