Solvation Structure Design for Aqueous Zn Metal Batteries,Journal of the American Chemical Society

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Solvation Structure Design for Aqueous Zn Metal Batteries
Journal of the American Chemical Society ( IF 14.4 ) Pub Date : 2020-12-08 , DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c09794
Longsheng Cao ₁ , Dan Li ₁ , Enyuan Hu ₂ , Jijian Xu ₁ , Tao Deng ₁ , Lin Ma ₁ , Yi Wang ₁ , Xiao-Qing Yang ₂ , Chunsheng Wang ₁

Affiliation

Aqueous Zn batteries are promising energy storage devices for large-scale energy-storage due to low cost and high energy density. However, their lifespan is limited by the water decomposition and Zn dendrite growth. Here, we suppress water reduction and Zn dendrite growth in dilute aqueous electrolyte by adding dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) into ZnCl2-H2O, in which DMSO replaces the H2O in Zn2+ solvation sheath due to a higher Gutmann donor number (29.8) of DMSO than that (18) of H2O. The preferential solvation of DMSO with Zn2+ and strong H2O-DMSO interaction inhibit the decomposition of solvated H2O. In addition, the decomposition of solvated DMSO forms Zn12(SO4)3Cl3(OH)15·5H2O, ZnSO3, and ZnS enriched-solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) preventing Zn dendrite and further suppressing water decomposition. The ZnCl2-H2O-DMSO electrolyte enables Zn anodes in Zn||Ti half-cell to achieve a high average Coulombic efficiency of 99.5% for 400 cycles (400 h), and the Zn||MnO2 full cell with a low capacity ratio of Zn:MnO2 at 2:1 to deliver a high energy density of 212 Wh/kg (based on both cathode and anode) and maitain 95.3% of the capacity over 500 cycles at 8 C.

中文翻译：

水系锌金属电池的溶剂化结构设计

水系锌电池由于成本低、能量密度高，是一种很有前途的大规模储能装置。然而，它们的寿命受到水分解和锌枝晶生长的限制。在这里，我们通过将二甲基亚砜 (DMSO) 添加到 ZnCl2-H2O 中来抑制稀水性电解质中的水还原和 Zn 枝晶生长，其中由于 DMSO 的 Gutmann 供体数 (29.8) 高于 DMSO 的 Gutmann 供体数 (29.8)，因此 DMSO 取代了 Zn2+ 溶剂化鞘中的 H2O (18) 水。DMSO 与 Zn2+ 的优先溶剂化和 H2O-DMSO 的强相互作用抑制了溶剂化 H2O 的分解。此外，溶剂化 DMSO 的分解形成 Zn12(SO4)3Cl3(OH)15·5H2O、ZnSO3 和富含 ZnS 的固体电解质界面 (SEI)，从而防止了 Zn 枝晶并进一步抑制了水分解。

更新日期：2020-12-08

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