Sulfate radicals (SO₄^·-)-based advanced oxidation processes have obtained far-reaching attention due to their high catalytic activity and selectively for intricate water environmental pollutants. The couple of cheap and readily available iron-based materials and peroxymonosulfate (PMS) or persulfate (PS) is an effective measure to generate incalculabe reactive sulfate radicals. The article analyzed the latest research progress on different typical heterogeneous iron-based catalysts for PMS or PS activation. The microstructure and electrical properties of these catalysts and the effects of different tailoring engineering approaches (such as structure defect, heteroatom doping, and rugulation of pore structure, etc) in PMS or PS activation were summarized. In addition, the environmental factors of iron-based materials-PMS (PS) systems in organic pollutants degradation and related advanced oxidation processes were also summarized. Finally, critical discussion and possible future prospects on challenges related to degradation mechanism exploration, potential catalysts development as well as practical catalytic system application were also proposed.

硫酸根（SO ₄ ^·-）的高级氧化工艺因其高催化活性和对复杂的水环境污染物的选择性而受到了广泛的关注。几种廉价且容易获得的铁基材料和过氧一硫酸盐（PMS）或过硫酸盐（PS）是产生不可计算的反应性硫酸根的有效措施。本文分析了用于PMS或PS活化的不同典型多相铁基催化剂的最新研究进展。总结了这些催化剂的微观结构和电性能，以及在PMS或PS活化过程中采用不同的定制工程方法（如结构缺陷，杂原子掺杂和孔结构的皱褶等）的影响。此外，还总结了铁基材料-PMS（PS）系统在有机污染物降解中的环境因素以及相关的高级氧化过程。最后，还提出了有关降解机理探索，潜在催化剂开发以及实际催化体系应用方面的挑战的关键性讨论和可能的未来前景。