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The role of toll‐like receptor 4 (TLR4) in cancer progression: A possible therapeutic target?
Journal of Cellular Physiology ( IF 4.5 ) Pub Date : 2020-11-23 , DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30166
Bahareh Kashani 1, 2 , Zahra Zandi 1, 2 , Atieh Pourbagheri-Sigaroodi 3 , Davood Bashash 3 , Seyed H Ghaffari 1
Journal of Cellular Physiology ( IF 4.5 ) Pub Date : 2020-11-23 , DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30166
Bahareh Kashani 1, 2 , Zahra Zandi 1, 2 , Atieh Pourbagheri-Sigaroodi 3 , Davood Bashash 3 , Seyed H Ghaffari 1
Affiliation
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The toll‐like receptor (TLR) family consists of vital receptors responsible for pattern recognition in innate immunity, making them the core proteins involved in pathogen detection and eliciting immune responses. The most studied member of this family, TLR4, has been the center of attention regarding its contributory role in many inflammatory diseases including sepsis shock and asthma. Notably, mounting pieces of evidence have proved that this receptor is aberrantly expressed on the tumor cells and the tumor microenvironment in a wide range of cancer types and it is highly associated with the initiation of tumorigenesis as well as tumor progression and drug resistance. Cancer therapy using TLR4 inhibitors has recently drawn scientists’ attention, and the promising results of such studies may pave the way for more investigation in the foreseeable future. This review will introduce the key proteins of the TLR4 pathway and how they interact with major growth factors in the tumor microenvironment. Moreover, we will discuss the many aspects of tumor progression affected by the activation of this receptor and provide an overview of the recent therapeutic approaches using various TLR4 antagonists.
中文翻译：
Toll 样受体 4 (TLR4) 在癌症进展中的作用：一个可能的治疗靶点？
Toll 样受体 (TLR) 家族由负责先天免疫模式识别的重要受体组成，使它们成为参与病原体检测和引发免疫反应的核心蛋白。该家族中研究最多的成员 TLR4 一直是关注的焦点，因为它在许多炎症性疾病（包括败血症休克和哮喘）中的作用。值得注意的是，越来越多的证据表明，该受体在多种癌症类型的肿瘤细胞和肿瘤微环境中异常表达，并且与肿瘤发生、肿瘤进展和耐药性高度相关。使用 TLR4 抑制剂的癌症治疗最近引起了科学家的注意，并且此类研究的有希望的结果可能为在可预见的未来进行更多调查铺平道路。本综述将介绍 TLR4 通路的关键蛋白以及它们如何与肿瘤微环境中的主要生长因子相互作用。此外，我们将讨论受该受体激活影响的肿瘤进展的许多方面，并概述最近使用各种 TLR4 拮抗剂的治疗方法。
更新日期：2020-11-23
中文翻译：
Toll 样受体 4 (TLR4) 在癌症进展中的作用：一个可能的治疗靶点？
Toll 样受体 (TLR) 家族由负责先天免疫模式识别的重要受体组成，使它们成为参与病原体检测和引发免疫反应的核心蛋白。该家族中研究最多的成员 TLR4 一直是关注的焦点，因为它在许多炎症性疾病（包括败血症休克和哮喘）中的作用。值得注意的是，越来越多的证据表明，该受体在多种癌症类型的肿瘤细胞和肿瘤微环境中异常表达，并且与肿瘤发生、肿瘤进展和耐药性高度相关。使用 TLR4 抑制剂的癌症治疗最近引起了科学家的注意，并且此类研究的有希望的结果可能为在可预见的未来进行更多调查铺平道路。本综述将介绍 TLR4 通路的关键蛋白以及它们如何与肿瘤微环境中的主要生长因子相互作用。此外，我们将讨论受该受体激活影响的肿瘤进展的许多方面，并概述最近使用各种 TLR4 拮抗剂的治疗方法。
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