Noble metal elements are the key to many high-performance heterogeneous catalytic processes; nevertheless, how to reduce the usage of such scarce and prohibitive materials while maintaining or even enhancing the desired catalytic performance has always been a grand challenge. In this work, we introduce a general dealloying procedure to synthesize a series of predesigned rugged high-entropy alloy (HEA) nanowires, including Al–Ni–Co–Ru–X, where X = Mo, Cu, V, Fe as the trifunctional electrocatalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), oxygen evolution reaction (OER), and oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). These mechanically and chemically stable HEAs can not only significantly reduce the noble-metal contents but also effectively enhance the flexibility in their electronic structures suitable for broad catalytic functionalities. Specifically, our etched Al–Ni–Co–Ru–Mo nanowires exhibit a similarly high electrocatalytic activity as commercial Pt/C for HER. Its OER activity is much higher than the commercial RuO₂ and among the highest ever-reported Ru-based OER catalysts. Its ORR catalytic activity is even higher than Pt/C, although Ru is not considered as a good ORR catalyst. Moreover, the oxidized surfaces of these HEAs are highly stable during continuous working conditions, which is crucial for overall water splitting and rechargeable Zn–air batteries.

中文翻译：

---

坚固耐用的高熵合金纳米线，具有原位形成的表面尖晶石氧化物作为锌-空气电池中的高度稳定的电催化剂

贵金属元素是许多高性能多相催化过程的关键。然而，如何在保持或什至提高所需的催化性能的同时减少此类稀有和禁忌材料的使用一直是一个巨大的挑战。在这项工作中，我们介绍了一种通用的脱合金工艺，以合成一系列预先设计的坚固的高熵合金（HEA）纳米线，包括Al–Ni–Co–Ru–X，其中X = Mo，Cu，V，Fe为三官能氢析出反应（HER），氧析出反应（OER）和氧还原反应（ORR）的电催化剂。这些机械和化学稳定的HEA不仅可以显着降低贵金属含量，还可以有效地增强其电子结构的灵活性，以适应广泛的催化功能。特别，我们蚀刻的Al-Ni-Co-Ru-Mo纳米线表现出与HER的商用Pt / C类似的高电催化活性。它的OER活性远高于商业RuO₂和有史以来最高的Ru基OER催化剂。尽管Ru不被认为是一种好的ORR催化剂，但它的ORR催化活性甚至高于Pt / C。此外，这些HEA的氧化表面在连续工作条件下非常稳定，这对于整体水分解和可充电Zn-空气电池至关重要。