Abstract One step entrapment of the several kinds of surfactants on the outer surface of the PVDF hollow fiber membrane during the air gap distance was studied by extruding the surfactant solution as the outermost layer of the triple layer nozzle via thermally induced phase separation (TIPS) process. Effect of the membrane preparation conditions, including the air gap distance, surfactant concentration and types of surfactant with different hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB) number and molecular weight on the membrane surface hydrophilicity and protein fouling resistance were evaluated. Using a long air gap distance with optimal surfactant concentration was resulted in a membrane with a considerable improvement in hydrophobicity. Surfactants with the lowest HLB number and molecular weight improved membrane hydrophilicity and resistance against pure water permeability decrease after drying membrane in air. Based on water contact angle results, entrapment of the surfactant with a more hydrophobic segment to hydrophilic segment ratio (smaller HLB) plays a crucial role to increase the membrane surface hydrophilicity regardless the intrinsic hydrophilicity of the surfactant molecule. The stability of the surfactant entrapped by this method was higher than that of the simple coating method. Static adsorption of the lysozyme on the surface of the surfactant entrapped membrane was in line with water contact angle results. Thus, entrapping surfactants with low HLB number and molecular weight was recommended to obtain a membrane with the considerable anti-fouling property.

中文翻译：

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使用三层孔口喷丝板通过 TIPS 工艺一步表面活性剂包埋到 PVDF 中空纤维膜表面

摘要 通过热诱导相分离(TIPS)工艺，将表面活性剂溶液作为三层喷嘴的最外层挤出，研究了PVDF中空纤维膜外表面在气隙距离内一步截留几种表面活性剂。 . 评价了膜制备条件，包括气隙距离、表面活性剂浓度和具有不同亲水亲油平衡(HLB)数和分子量的表面活性剂类型对膜表面亲水性和抗蛋白质污染性的影响。使用具有最佳表面活性剂浓度的长气隙距离可得到疏水性显着改善的膜。具有最低 HLB 值和分子量的表面活性剂提高了膜的亲水性和抗纯水渗透性，膜在空气中干燥后降低。根据水接触角结果，疏水链段与亲水链段比率（较小 HLB）的表面活性剂的截留对于增加膜表面亲水性起着至关重要的作用，而不管表面活性剂分子的固有亲水性如何。这种方法包埋的表面活性剂的稳定性高于简单包衣方法。溶菌酶在表面活性剂截留膜表面的静态吸附与水接触角结果一致。因此，推荐使用低 HLB 值和分子量的包埋表面活性剂来获得具有显着防污性能的膜。