<br>小麦 7AL 染色体的高度分化区域编码 Pm1a 免疫受体，该受体可识别来自 Blumeria graminis 的相应 AvrPm1a 效应子,New Phytologist

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小麦 7AL 染色体的高度分化区域编码 Pm1a 免疫受体，该受体可识别来自 Blumeria graminis 的相应 AvrPm1a 效应子
New Phytologist ( IF 8.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-11-11 , DOI: 10.1111/nph.17075
Tim Hewitt _{1,

2} , Marion C Müller ₃ , István Molnár ₄ , Martin Mascher ₅ , Kateřina Holušová ₄ , Hana Šimková ₄ , Lukas Kunz ₃ , Jianping Zhang ₁ , Jianbo Li ₂ , Dhara Bhatt ₁ , Raghvendra Sharma ₁ , Seraina Schudel ₃ , Guotai Yu ₆ , Burkhard Steuernagel ₆ , Sambasivam Periyannan ₁ , Brande Wulff ₆ , Mick Ayliffe ₁ , Robert McIntosh ₂ , Beat Keller ₃ , Evans Lagudah _{1,

2} , Peng Zhang ₂

Affiliation

Pm1a是小麦中第一个描述的白粉病抗性基因，是位于 7AL 染色体远端区域的复合抗性 (R) 基因簇的一部分，该基因簇抑制了基因重组。
使用诱变和 R 基因富集测序 (MutRenSeq) 分离出核苷酸结合、富含亮氨酸重复序列 (NLR) 的免疫受体基因。稳定转化证实了Pm1a 的身份，在受到无毒力的小麦白粉病（ Blumeria graminis ）病原体攻击后，在转基因植物中诱导出强抗性表型。
B的高密度遗传图谱。针对Pm1a无毒力的禾本科菌株分离，结合病原体基因组重测序和 RNA 测序 (RNAseq)，确定了AvrPm1a候选效应基因。在植物中表达发现了一个具有 N 末端 Y/FxC 基序的效应子，当与本塞姆氏烟草中的Pm1a共表达时，该效应子诱导强烈的过敏反应。
单染色体富集测序 (ChromSeq) 和 7A 染色体组装表明， Pm1a区域周围的重组受到抑制是由于涉及 7A、7B 和 7D 染色体的重排。 Pm1a的克隆及其在 7A 号染色体高度重排区域的鉴定，让我们深入了解染色体重排在这一复杂抗性簇进化中的作用。

"点击查看英文标题和摘要"

A highly differentiated region of wheat chromosome 7AL encodes a Pm1a immune receptor that recognizes its corresponding AvrPm1a effector from Blumeria graminis

Pm1a, the first powdery mildew resistance gene described in wheat, is part of a complex resistance (R) gene cluster located in a distal region of chromosome 7AL that has suppressed genetic recombination.
A nucleotide‐binding, leucine‐rich repeat (NLR) immune receptor gene was isolated using mutagenesis and R gene enrichment sequencing (MutRenSeq). Stable transformation confirmed Pm1a identity which induced a strong resistance phenotype in transgenic plants upon challenge with avirulent Blumeria graminis (wheat powdery mildew) pathogens.
A high‐density genetic map of a B. graminis family segregating for Pm1a avirulence combined with pathogen genome resequencing and RNA sequencing (RNAseq) identified AvrPm1a effector gene candidates. In planta expression identified an effector, with an N terminal Y/FxC motif, that induced a strong hypersensitive response when co‐expressed with Pm1a in Nicotiana benthamiana.
Single chromosome enrichment sequencing (ChromSeq) and assembly of chromosome 7A suggested that suppressed recombination around the Pm1a region was due to a rearrangement involving chromosomes 7A, 7B and 7D. The cloning of Pm1a and its identification in a highly rearranged region of chromosome 7A provides insight into the role of chromosomal rearrangements in the evolution of this complex resistance cluster.

更新日期：2020-11-11

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