The current nitrogen production technology requires a large amount of fossil fuel based H₂, which is unsustainable and results in profound environmental consequences. In this study, a novel, continuous flow liquid-phase plasma discharge (CFLPPD) reactor was investigated to produce nitrate and nitrite in liquid as nitrogen fertilizer. Three CFLPPD operating parameters were examined including air flow rate, power applied, and treatment time, all at three levels (0.5, 1.25, 2.0 L/min for air flow rate; 100, 200, and 300 W for power applied; and 20, 40, and 60 min for treatment time) using a 3 × 3 x 3 factorial design. The results showed that the production of NO₃ and NO₂ (NOx) increased linearly with increasing power usage under all tested air flow rates. The highest yields of NOx under three treatment times were associated with an air flow rate of 2.0 L/min and power usage of 300 W, which were 73.0, 110.8, and 136.2 mg/L, respectively. The best energy efficiency of 1.108 g-NOx/kWh was obtained corresponding to the operating condition of 2.0 L/min in air flow rate, 300 W in power usage, and 40 min in treatment time. The concentration of H₂O₂ was linearly correlated with the NOx concentration in the CFLPPD treated liquid (R = 0.9747). The liquid pH rose slightly ranging from 7.79 to 8.79, which was not detrimental to the nutrients uptake by the crops receiving the NOx fertilizer produced in this study. The work presented a green technique to manufacture nitrogen fertilizer for sustainable crop production.

当前的氮气生产技术需要大量基于化石燃料的H ₂，这是不可持续的，并导致严重的环境后果。在这项研究中，研究了一种新型的连续流液相等离子体放电（CFLPPD）反应器，以在液体中作为氮肥生产硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐。检查了三个CFLPPD操作参数，包括空气流量，施加的功率和处理时间，所有三个参数均处于三个级别（空气流量分别为0.5、1.25、2.0 L / min；施加的功率为100、200和300 W；以及20，使用3×3 x 3因子设计进行40和60分钟的治疗时间。结果表明，NO ₃和NO _2的产生在所有测试的空气流量下，（NOx）随功耗的增加而线性增加。在三个处理时间下最高的NOx产量与空气流速为2.0 L / min和功率消耗为300 W有关，分别为73.0、110.8和136.2 mg / L。对应于空气流量2.0 L / min，功率300 W和处理时间40 min的运行条件，获得了1.108 g-NOx / kWh的最佳能量效率。H ₂ O ₂的浓度与经CFLPPD处理的液体中的NOx浓度呈线性相关（R = 0.9747）。液体pH值从7.79到8.79略有上升，这对本研究生产的NOx肥料所吸收的作物的养分吸收无害。这项工作提出了一种绿色技术，用于制造可持续作物生产的氮肥。