Background

C-phycocyanin (C-PC), a blue-colored natural pigment, is Spirulina's most crucial photosynthetic protein, and it is associated with this cyanobacteria's bioactivity. Many recent studies aimed at optimizing C-PC extraction from Spirulina using different protocols; however, the correlation between the extraction method (both lab scale experimental methods and industrial methods) and the antioxidant activity of the extract has not been explored yet.

Scope and approach

This review aimed to gather information regarding the most used C-PC extraction techniques from Spirulina in the last decade (2010–2020) and compare these biomolecules' antioxidant capacity with the extraction methodology applied. A density map was created by searching keywords related to C-PC extraction on Scopus, which guided the discussion on the C-PC extraction methods used and their impact on its bioactivity.

Key findings and conclusions

The density map showed that the lowest density words represented factors that can influence, describe, or determine the success of C-PC extraction. In contrast, the most cited expressions were related to the methods. The compilation of literature on the influence of C-PC extraction on its antioxidant activity showed that ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) and solvent extraction using water or buffer were the most used methods to extract C-PC from Spirulina in the last decade. However, the UAE does not seem to protect C-PC's bioactivity. Additionally, most studies of the previous ten years used a single method to determine C-PC's antioxidant activity. We concluded that C-PC's antioxidant activity needs to be appraised by more than one method using assays of different mechanisms to evaluate the extraction influence in its bioactivity in a panoramic way.

中文翻译：

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大自然的“蓝色物质”的抗氧化潜力：生物活性与C-藻蓝蛋白提取方法结合起来的新方法

背景

蓝藻天然色素C-藻蓝蛋白（C-PC）是螺旋藻最重要的光合蛋白，并且与这种蓝细菌的生物活性有关。最近的许多研究旨在使用不同的协议优化从螺旋藻中提取C-PC的方法。然而，尚未探索提取方法（实验室规模的实验方法和工业方法）与提取物的抗氧化活性之间的相关性。

范围和方法

这篇综述旨在收集有关最近十年（2010-2020年）从螺旋藻中最常用的C-PC提取技术的信息，并将这些生物分子的抗氧化能力与所采用的提取方法进行比较。通过在Scopus上搜索与C-PC提取相关的关键字来创建密度图，该密度图指导了有关所用C-PC提取方法及其对其生物活性的影响的讨论。

主要发现和结论

密度图显示，最低密度词代表可以影响，描述或确定C-PC提取成功的因素。相反，引用最多的表达方式与方法有关。关于C-PC提取对其抗氧化活性影响的文献汇编表明，超声辅助提取（UAE）和用水或缓冲液进行溶剂提取是从螺旋藻中提取C-PC的最常用方法。在过去的十年中。但是，阿联酋似乎并没有保护C-PC的生物活性。此外，前十年的大多数研究都使用一种方法来测定C-PC的抗氧化活性。我们得出的结论是，C-PC的抗氧化剂活性需要通过一种以上的方法来评估，该方法采用不同的机制来评估提取物对其生物活性的影响，并进行全景评估。