<br>纳米生物传感器作为 SARS、MERS 和 COVID-19 的新诊断工具：从过去到展望,Microchimica Acta

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纳米生物传感器作为 SARS、MERS 和 COVID-19 的新诊断工具：从过去到展望
Microchimica Acta ( IF 5.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-11-05 , DOI: 10.1007/s00604-020-04615-x
Riccarda Antiochia ₁

Affiliation

严重急性呼吸系统综合症（SARS）、中东呼吸系统综合症（MERS）和新型冠状病毒19（COVID-19）的流行是过去二十年中最大的全球健康威胁。这些感染表现为支气管炎、肺炎或严重的、有时是致命的呼吸道疾病。新型冠状病毒似乎与较轻的感染有关，但它在全球范围内传播得更快，成为一种流行病。本综述总结了用于 SARS、MERS 和 COVID-19 检测的基于纳米技术的亲和生物传感器的最新技术。纳米生物传感器是基于抗体或 DNA 的生物传感器，具有电化学、光学或基于 FET 的转导功能。各种纳米材料，如金属纳米颗粒、纳米线和石墨烯，已被合并到亲和生物传感器中以增强其分析性能。强调了使用纳米材料的优点，并将结果与使用非纳米结构生物传感器获得的结果进行了比较。还报告了与 RT-PCR 和 ELISA 等传统方法的重要比较。希望本次审查将为未来开发用于预防和控制 COVID-19 的护理点诊断设备的新型可靠纳米平台提供有趣的信息。

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Nanobiosensors as new diagnostic tools for SARS, MERS and COVID-19: from past to perspectives

The severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) and novel coronavirus 19 (COVID-19) epidemics represent the biggest global health threats in the last two decades. These infections manifest as bronchitis, pneumonia or severe, sometimes fatal, respiratory illness. The novel coronavirus seems to be associated with milder infections but it has spread globally more rapidly becoming a pandemic. This review summarises the state of the art of nanotechnology-based affinity biosensors for SARS, MERS and COVID-19 detection. The nanobiosensors are antibody- or DNA-based biosensors with electrochemical, optical or FET-based transduction. Various kinds of nanomaterials, such as metal nanoparticles, nanowires and graphene, have been merged to the affinity biosensors to enhance their analytical performances. The advantages of the use of the nanomaterials are highlighted, and the results compared with those obtained using non-nanostructured biosensors. A critical comparison with conventional methods, such as RT-PCR and ELISA, is also reported. It is hoped that this review will provide interesting information for the future development of new reliable nano-based platforms for point-of-care diagnostic devices for COVID-19 prevention and control.

更新日期：2020-11-05

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