Recently, inositols, especially myo-inositol and inositol hexakisphosphate, also known as phytic acid or IP6, with their biological activities received much attention for their role in multiple health beneficial effects. Although their roles in cancer treatment and prevention have been extensively reported, interestingly, they may also have distinctive properties in energy metabolism and metabolic disorders. We review inositols and inositol phosphate metabolism in mammalian cells to establish their biological activities and highlight their potential roles in energy metabolism. These molecules are known to decrease insulin resistance, increase insulin sensitivity, and have diverse properties with importance from cell signaling to metabolism. Evidence showed that inositol phosphates might enhance the browning of white adipocytes and directly improve insulin sensitivity through adipocytes. In addition, inositol pyrophosphates containing high-energy phosphate bonds are considered in increasing cellular energetics. Despite all recent advances, many aspects of the bioactivity of inositol phosphates are still not clear, especially their effects on insulin resistance and alteration of metabolism, so more research is needed.

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肌醇和磷酸肌醇在能量代谢中的作用

最近，肌醇，尤其是肌醇和六磷酸肌醇，也称为植酸或 IP6，其生物活性因其在多种健康有益作用中的作用而备受关注。尽管它们在癌症治疗和预防中的作用已被广泛报道，但有趣的是，它们在能量代谢和代谢紊乱方面也可能具有独特的特性。我们回顾了哺乳动物细胞中的肌醇和磷酸肌醇代谢，以确定它们的生物活性并强调它们在能量代谢中的潜在作用。已知这些分子可降低胰岛素抵抗、增加胰岛素敏感性，并且具有从细胞信号传导到代谢的重要性的多种特性。有证据表明，磷酸肌醇可能会增强白色脂肪细胞的褐变，并通过脂肪细胞直接提高胰岛素敏感性。此外，在增加细胞能量方面考虑了含有高能磷酸键的肌醇焦磷酸酯。尽管最近取得了所有进展，但磷酸肌醇的生物活性的许多方面仍不清楚，尤其是它们对胰岛素抵抗和代谢改变的影响，因此需要更多的研究。