Lithium metal is one of the most promising anode materials for next-generation electrochemical energy storage due to low electrochemical potential and high specific capacity. However, large volume change and uncontrollable formation of lithium dendrite during cycling severely hinder the practical application of rechargeable Li metal batteries. Herein, we report a hierarchically porous Cu covered with lithiophilic Cu_xO (HPCu-Cu_xO) via femtosecond laser strategy in about 2 min as current collector for high-performance Li metal batteries. With precisely tunable pore volume and depth as well as lithiophilic Cu_xO interphase, the HPCu-Cu_xO not only guides homogeneous Li nucleation, resulting in a smooth and dendrite-free lithium surface, but also provides space to alleviate the volume expansion of Li metal anode, achieving excellent structure stability. Consequently, highly stable Coulombic efficiency and ultra-low overpotential of 15 mV even up to 1000 h were achieved at the current density of 1 mA cm⁻². Moreover, the resultant Li@HPCu-Cu_xO//LiFePO₄ full battery delivered outstanding cycle stability and rate capability. These results offer a pathway toward high-energy-density and safe rechargeable Li metal batteries.

由于低的电化学势和高的比容量，锂金属是用于下一代电化学能量存储的最有希望的阳极材料之一。然而，在循环期间大的体积变化和不可控制的锂枝晶的形成严重阻碍了可再充电锂金属电池的实际应用。在本文中，我们报告了飞秒激光策略在大约2分钟内用高性能锂金属电池的集电器覆盖了一层由疏油性Cu _x O（HPCu-Cu _x O）覆盖的分层多孔Cu 。HPCu-Cu _x具有精确可调的孔体积和深度以及亲油性的Cu _x O相，O不仅引导均匀的Li成核，从而形成光滑无锂的锂表面，而且还提供了空间来减轻Li金属阳极的体积膨胀，从而实现出色的结构稳定性。因此，在电流密度为1 mA cm ^{-2的情况下，}即使在长达1000 h的时间里，也能获得高度稳定的库仑效率和15 mV的超低过电势。此外，所得的Li @ HPCu-Cu _x O // LiFePO ₄充满电池具有出色的循环稳定性和倍率性能。这些结果提供了通往高能量密度和安全可充电锂金属电池的途径。