Abstract The bioavailability of poorly soluble food ingredients can be achieved by their encapsulation into the 3D macrocyclic structure or self-assembled surfactant micelles. In this study, the mixed self-assembly of cyclodextrins (CDs) and cationic surfactant, 1-hexadecyl-4-(2-(1-methylpyridin-1-ium-4-yl)vinyl)pyridin-1-ium chloride, was studied by a set of physicochemical methods. It was shown using tensiometry and conductometry that the presence of CDs in the micellar medium of this surfactant increases the critical aggregation concentration. Moreover, NMR spectroscopy and spectrophotometry revealed the interaction between the alkyl tail of surfactant and the internal cavity of CDs. It is interesting to note that in the case of γ-CD and HP-β-CD there was additional binding by the vinyl group of surfactant. The observed patterns of aggregation behavior were confirmed by the method of solubilization of hydrophobic substances. Spectrophotometric monitoring of the solubilization of hydrophobic flavonoids (rutin and quercetin) demonstrated that mixed assemblies enriched with surfactant are capable of binding the flavonoid, while in the lack of surfactant they show poor binding ability towards flavonol compound. Variation of the component ratio in the supramolecular CD–surfactant system also allows adjusting the biological properties. Systems with an excess of CD are less toxic to the cells of test microorganisms, herewith, an increase of the surfactant content in a mixture with CD leads to an increase in both antimicrobial and hemolytic activities. Therefore, when using CD complex-based supramolecular approach for food safety, it is necessary to take into account the toxic properties of the base components of the supramolecular mixture.

中文翻译：

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基于环糊精和表面活性剂的超分子组装体中食品生物活性物质的纳米封装

摘要 难溶性食品成分的生物利用度可以通过将它们封装到 3D 大环结构或自组装表面活性剂胶束中来实现。在本研究中，环糊精 (CDs) 和阳离子表面活性剂 1-hexadecyl-4-(2-(1-methylpyridin-1-ium-4-yl)vinyl)pyridin-1-ium 氯化物的混合自组装为通过一系列物理化学方法进行研究。使用张力测定法和电导测定法表明，这种表面活性剂胶束介质中 CD 的存在增加了临界聚集浓度。此外，核磁共振光谱和分光光度法揭示了表面活性剂的烷基尾部与 CDs 内腔之间的相互作用。有趣的是，在 γ-CD 和 HP-β-CD 的情况下，表面活性剂的乙烯基有额外的结合。观察到的聚集行为模式通过溶解疏水物质的方法得到证实。疏水性黄酮类化合物（芦丁和槲皮素）溶解的分光光度计监测表明，富含表面活性剂的混合组件能够结合类黄酮，而在缺乏表面活性剂的情况下，它们对黄酮醇化合物的结合能力较差。超分子 CD-表面活性剂系统中组分比例的变化也允许调整生物特性。具有过量 CD 的系统对测试微生物细胞的毒性较小，因此，与 CD 的混合物中表面活性剂含量的增加导致抗微生物和溶血活性的增加。因此，当使用基于 CD 复合物的超分子方法进行食品安全时，