The effect of annealing temperature variance on magnesium ferrites (MgFe2O4) later anchored on reduced graphene oxide (rGO) forming hybrid nanocomposite is demonstrated and its electrochemical performance investigated by using a screen-printed carbon paste electrode (SPCE) for detection of the environmental hazardous phenolic compound 4-cyanophenol (4-CY). The MgFe2O4 (MFO–600 °C) displayed an enhanced charge transfer ratio with high conductivity and electrocatalytic activity. To confirm the structural and morphological parameters of the rGO-MFO-2 hybrid micro/nanocomposite, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron microscopy (XPS), and field-emission electron microscopy (FE-EM) with EDX mapping have been utilized. The rGO/MFO-2/SPCE electrode displayed high catalytic performance in detecting 4-CY with good sensitivity of 6.836 μA μM−1 cm−2 in a working range 0.001 to 700 μM with a limit of detection of 0.0012 μM by using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). This is achieved for the active interaction between rGO and MFO-2 active surface site areas resulting in good electrochemical activity and high electron transfer rate. Moreover, 4-CY detection has been performed in the presence of various interferents and through real-time analysis in samples like tap water, industrial river water, and fish which resulted in admirable recovery. Graphical abstract

中文翻译：

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温度变化对锚定在还原氧化石墨烯上的尖晶石结构 MgFe2O4 用于电化学检测 4-氰基苯酚的影响

展示了退火温度变化对随后锚定在还原氧化石墨烯 (rGO) 上形成混合纳米复合材料的铁氧体 (MgFe2O4) 的影响，并通过使用丝网印刷碳糊电极 (SPCE) 研究了其电化学性能以检测对环境有害的酚类物质化合物 4-氰基苯酚 (4-CY)。MgFe2O4 (MFO–600 °C) 显示出增强的电荷转移率，具有高导电性和电催化活性。为了确认 rGO-MFO-2 混合微/纳米复合材料的结构和形态参数，X 射线衍射 (XRD)、拉曼光谱、X 射线光电子显微镜 (XPS) 和场发射电子显微镜 (FE-EM)已使用 EDX 映射。rGO/MFO-2/SPCE 电极在检测 4-CY 方面表现出高催化性能，灵敏度为 6。836 μA μM-1 cm-2，工作范围为 0.001 至 700 μM，使用差分脉冲伏安法 (DPV) 检测限为 0.0012 μM。这是通过 rGO 和 MFO-2 活性表面位点区域之间的主动相互作用实现的，从而产生良好的电化学活性和高电子转移率。此外，在存在各种干扰物的情况下，通过对自来水、工业河水和鱼类等样品的实时分析，进行了 4-CY 检测，结果令人赞叹。图形概要 4-CY 检测已在存在各种干扰物的情况下进行，并通过对自来水、工业河水和鱼类等样品的实时分析进行，结果令人赞叹。图形概要 4-CY 检测已在存在各种干扰物的情况下进行，并通过对自来水、工业河水和鱼类等样品的实时分析进行，结果令人赞叹。图形概要