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“Burst Nucleation” vs Autocatalytic, “Burst” Growth in Near-Monodisperse Particle-Formation Reactions
The Journal of Physical Chemistry C ( IF 3.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-10-29 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.0c06875 Christopher B. Whitehead 1 , Murielle A. Watzky 2 , Richard G. Finke 1
The Journal of Physical Chemistry C ( IF 3.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-10-29 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.0c06875 Christopher B. Whitehead 1 , Murielle A. Watzky 2 , Richard G. Finke 1
Affiliation
In their highly cited 1950 paper (LaMer, V. K.; Dinegar, R. H. Theory, Production and Mechanism of Formation of Monodispersed Hydrosols. J. Am. Chem. Soc.1950, 72, 4847–4854), LaMer and Dinegar postulated a model of “instantaneous/burst nucleation” and “diffusion-controlled growth” as a way to produce what at the time were believed to be monodisperse particles, narrow particle-size distributions (PSDs) that today are termed near-monodisperse PSDs. Two recent reviews cited in the main text have analyzed the literature citing the LaMer model since 1950 but failed to find any compelling evidence for the LaMer model in the 1953 references citing that classic 1950 paper. However, several questions remain, questions that are addressed in this Perspective: (i) What evidence seemed to compel researchers to argue for “instantaneous/burst” nucleation? (ii) How big were the (S)n sol particles early researchers were observing? What were those early workers actually monitoring? (iii) Is it possible that autocatalytic, “burst” growth is what was more generally if not exclusively being observed? That is, is it possible that a number of workers intuitively citing the 1950 diagram in the past 70 years may have been on the right track at least intuitively, even if not mechanistically, when citing a “burst” feature in their reaction? (iv) Is there an established, minimum particle-formation mechanism that can give step-function-like particle-formation curves exhibiting explosive “burst” growth and, therefore, may have been easily mistaken for “burst” nucleation? (v) In the absence of evidence for burst nucleation, how then can one explain the formation of relatively narrow, near-monodisperse particles from self-assembly syntheses? Overall, the present Perspective strives to summarize the experimental support for “burst nucleation” versus autocatalytic, “burst growth” in particle-formation reactions.
中文翻译:
近单分散颗粒形成反应中的“爆发成核”与自催化,“爆发”生长
在其受到高度引用的1950年论文中(LaMer,VK; Dinegar,RH,《单分散水溶胶的产生及其形成机理》,J。Am。Chem。Soc。,1950年,第72页(4847–4854),LaMer和Dinegar提出了“瞬时/爆发成核”和“扩散控制的生长”模型,以产生当时被认为是单分散颗粒,窄粒径分布(PSD)的方法今天称为近单分散PSD。正文中引用的两个最新评论对1950年以来的LaMer模型进行了分析,但未能在1953年的参考文献中找到有关LaMer模型的任何有力证据,并引用了1950年的经典论文。但是,仍然存在几个问题,即该透视图中要解决的问题:(i)似乎有什么证据迫使研究人员主张“瞬时/爆发”成核?(ii)(S)n有多大早期研究人员正在观察溶胶颗粒吗?那些早期工人实际上在监视什么?(iii)如果不专门观察,自催化的“爆发”增长是否可能更普遍?就是说,在过去的70年中,许多工人在其反应中引用“爆发”特征时,即使不是机械地,也可能至少在直观上是正确的,即使不是机械性的?(iv)是否有已建立的,最小的颗粒形成机制,该机制可以给出具有爆炸性“爆发”增长的阶梯函数状颗粒形成曲线因此,可能容易将其误认为是“爆发”形核?(v)在没有爆发成核的证据的情况下,那么如何解释自组装合成形成的相对狭窄,近单分散的颗粒呢?总体而言,本《观点》力求总结在颗粒形成反应中“爆发成核”与自催化“爆发生长”的实验支持。
更新日期:2020-11-12
中文翻译:
近单分散颗粒形成反应中的“爆发成核”与自催化,“爆发”生长
在其受到高度引用的1950年论文中(LaMer,VK; Dinegar,RH,《单分散水溶胶的产生及其形成机理》,J。Am。Chem。Soc。,1950年,第72页(4847–4854),LaMer和Dinegar提出了“瞬时/爆发成核”和“扩散控制的生长”模型,以产生当时被认为是单分散颗粒,窄粒径分布(PSD)的方法今天称为近单分散PSD。正文中引用的两个最新评论对1950年以来的LaMer模型进行了分析,但未能在1953年的参考文献中找到有关LaMer模型的任何有力证据,并引用了1950年的经典论文。但是,仍然存在几个问题,即该透视图中要解决的问题:(i)似乎有什么证据迫使研究人员主张“瞬时/爆发”成核?(ii)(S)n有多大早期研究人员正在观察溶胶颗粒吗?那些早期工人实际上在监视什么?(iii)如果不专门观察,自催化的“爆发”增长是否可能更普遍?就是说,在过去的70年中,许多工人在其反应中引用“爆发”特征时,即使不是机械地,也可能至少在直观上是正确的,即使不是机械性的?(iv)是否有已建立的,最小的颗粒形成机制,该机制可以给出具有爆炸性“爆发”增长的阶梯函数状颗粒形成曲线因此,可能容易将其误认为是“爆发”形核?(v)在没有爆发成核的证据的情况下,那么如何解释自组装合成形成的相对狭窄,近单分散的颗粒呢?总体而言,本《观点》力求总结在颗粒形成反应中“爆发成核”与自催化“爆发生长”的实验支持。