Harnessing hyperuricemia to atherosclerosis and understanding its mechanistic dependence,Medicinal Research Reviews

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Harnessing hyperuricemia to atherosclerosis and understanding its mechanistic dependence
Medicinal Research Reviews ( IF 10.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-10-20 , DOI: 10.1002/med.21742
Muthukumaran Jayachandran ₁ , Shen Qu ₁

Affiliation

Atherosclerosis is regarded as the disease of the arterial vasculature. The main characteristics of atherosclerosis are the abnormal accumulation of lipids, increased inflammatory cells, matrix deposits, and proliferation of smooth muscle cells. Diabetes mellitus, obesity, and hyperlipidemia are the most studied risk factors of atherosclerosis. One least studied risk factor is the uric acid (UA), a high UA in circulation is interlinked with many pathological processes. Several epidemiological studies suggest elevated UA levels as an essential biomarker in the forecast of several cardiovascular diseases. Available evidence claims that UA upholds the atherosclerosis process via disturbing lipid metabolism, reducing the nitric oxide synthesis in endothelial cells, promoting the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells, and overwhelms inflammation. In endothelial dysfunction and coronary artery lesions, UA is considered as an independent predictor. The updated studies on the involvement of hyperuricemia in atherosclerosis prove that treatment with xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitors not just benefits the treatment of hyperuricemia but also reduces the burden of atherosclerosis to a greater extent. In this review, we highlight how the hyperuricemia affects vascular integrity, causes atherosclerosis, and the mechanism of action of XO inhibitors on atherosclerosis.

中文翻译：

利用高尿酸血症治疗动脉粥样硬化并了解其机制依赖性

动脉粥样硬化被认为是动脉血管系统的疾病。动脉粥样硬化的主要特征是脂质异常堆积、炎症细胞增多、基质沉积、平滑肌细胞增生。糖尿病、肥胖和高脂血症是动脉粥样硬化研究最多的危险因素。一个研究最少的风险因素是尿酸 (UA)，循环中的高尿酸与许多病理过程相互关联。几项流行病学研究表明，升高的 UA 水平是预测几种心血管疾病的重要生物标志物。现有证据表明，UA 通过干扰脂质代谢、减少内皮细胞中一氧化氮的合成、促进血管平滑肌细胞的增殖来维持动脉粥样硬化过程，并压倒炎症。在内皮功能障碍和冠状动脉病变中，UA 被认为是一个独立的预测因子。高尿酸血症参与动脉粥样硬化的最新研究证明，黄嘌呤氧化酶（XO）抑制剂治疗不仅有益于高尿酸血症的治疗，而且在更大程度上减轻了动脉粥样硬化的负担。在这篇综述中，我们重点介绍了高尿酸血症如何影响血管完整性、导致动脉粥样硬化，以及 XO 抑制剂对动脉粥样硬化的作用机制。高尿酸血症参与动脉粥样硬化的最新研究证明，黄嘌呤氧化酶（XO）抑制剂治疗不仅有益于高尿酸血症的治疗，而且在更大程度上减轻了动脉粥样硬化的负担。在这篇综述中，我们重点介绍了高尿酸血症如何影响血管完整性、导致动脉粥样硬化，以及 XO 抑制剂对动脉粥样硬化的作用机制。高尿酸血症参与动脉粥样硬化的最新研究证明，黄嘌呤氧化酶（XO）抑制剂治疗不仅有益于高尿酸血症的治疗，而且在更大程度上减轻了动脉粥样硬化的负担。在这篇综述中，我们重点介绍了高尿酸血症如何影响血管完整性、导致动脉粥样硬化，以及 XO 抑制剂对动脉粥样硬化的作用机制。

更新日期：2020-12-14

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