Contamination of antimicrobial agents such as Triclosan (TCS) in soil and groundwater possess high risk to human health and ecological systems. Present study systematically studied the degradation of TCS in soil and groundwater by Fe²⁺ activated persulfate (Fe²⁺/PS) oxidation process and special attention was paid on revealing the influence of remediation process on soil physicochemical and microbial characteristics. Experimental results demonstrated that TCS was readily degraded in soil upon Fe²⁺/PS oxidation system. Higher Fe²⁺/PS concentration and lower pH value may promote the TCS degradation. Besides added Fe²⁺, the naturally present Fe (III)-O and dissolved Fe from iron containing minerals may also activate PS for TCS degradation. SO₄^•−, HO•, R^• and ¹O₂ were identified to be involved in the reaction system while addition of Fe²⁺-chelating agents, e.g., oxalic acid and ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) may slightly promote the degradation. Low concentration of Cl⁻ facilitated TCS degradation and high concentration of Cl⁻ slowed down the degradation. The presence of HCO₃⁻ may inhibit the degradation. Fe²⁺/PS oxidation process may partly reduce the soil organic matter content and diversely affect the composition of various C functional groups on soil. It also induced the breakdown of large soil aggregates and reduced the soil porosity, especially at macroporosity region. Phospholipid Fatty Acid test indicated that soil microbial community structure has been altered and the actinomycetes, fungi and Gram-negative bacteria decreased largely. The feasibility of remediation of TCS using Fe²⁺/PS oxidation in various natural groundwater samples was evaluated. Finally, five degradation intermediates of TCS by Fe²⁺/PS oxidation in soil were enriched by solid phase extraction and were identified by liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry for proposing detailed transformation pathways.

土壤和地下水中三氯生（TCS）等抗菌剂的污染对人类健康和生态系统具有很高的风险。目前的研究系统地研究了Fe ²⁺活化的过硫酸盐（Fe ²⁺ / PS）氧化过程对土壤和地下水中TCS的降解，并特别注意揭示修复过程对土壤理化和微生物特性的影响。实验结果表明，在Fe ²⁺ / PS氧化体系下，TCS易于在土壤中降解。较高的Fe ²⁺ / PS浓度和较低的pH值可能会促进TCS降解。除了添加Fe ²⁺，天然存在的Fe（III）-O和含铁矿物质中溶解的Fe也可能激活PS用于TCS降解。已确定SO ₄ ^•-，HO•，R ^•和¹ O ₂参与了反应体系，而添加草酸和乙二胺四乙酸（EDTA）等Fe ²⁺螯合剂可能会稍微促进降解。氯的浓度低^-促进TCS降解和氯的高浓度^-减慢退化。HCO存在₃ ^-可能抑制降解。铁²⁺/ PS氧化过程可能会部分降低土壤有机质含量，并多样地影响土壤中各种C官能团的组成。它还引起了大型土壤团聚体的分解并降低了土壤孔隙度，特别是在大孔隙区域。磷脂脂肪酸测试表明，土壤微生物群落结构发生了变化，放线菌，真菌和革兰氏阴性菌大量减少。评估了在各种天然地下水样品中使用Fe ²⁺ / PS氧化修复TCS的可行性。最后，五种Fe ²⁺降解TCS的中间体通过固相萃取富集土壤中的/ PS氧化，并通过液相色谱-三重四极杆质谱进行鉴定，以提出详细的转化途径。