Development of Mechanically Enhanced Polycaprolactone Composites by a Functionalized Titanate Nanofiller for Melt Electrowriting in 3D Printing,ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces

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Development of Mechanically Enhanced Polycaprolactone Composites by a Functionalized Titanate Nanofiller for Melt Electrowriting in 3D Printing
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces ( IF 8.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-10-12 , DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c14831
Le Pang ₁ , Naomi C. Paxton ₁ , Jiongyu Ren ₁ , Fan Liu _{1,

2} , Haifei Zhan ₁ , Maria A. Woodruff ₁ , Arixin Bo ₃ , Yuantong Gu ₁

Affiliation

Three-dimensional (3D) printing technologies are widely applied in various industries and research fields and are currently the subject of intensive investigation and development. However, high-performance materials that are suitable for 3D printing are still in short supply, which is a major limitation for 3D printing, particularly for biomedical applications. The physicochemical properties of single constituent materials may not be sufficient to meet the needs of modern biotechnology development and production. To enhance the materials’ performance and broaden their applications, this work designed and tested a series of titanate nanofiller (nanowire and nanotube)-enhanced polycaprolactone (PCL) composites that were 3D-printable and provided superior mechanical properties. By grafting two different functional groups (phenyl- and thiol-terminated ligands), the nanofiller surface showed improved hydrophobicity, which significantly improved their dispersion in the PCL matrix. After characterizing the surface modification, we evaluated the significance of the homogeneity of the ceramic nanofiller in terms of printability, formability, and mechanical strength. Melt electrowriting additive manufacturing was used to fabricate microfibers of PCL and PCL/nanofiller composites. Improved nanofiller dispersion enabled intact and uniform sample morphology, and in contrast, nanofiller aggregation greatly varied the viscosity during the printing process, which could result in poorly printed structures. Importantly, the modified ceramic/PCL composite delivered enhanced and stable mechanical properties, where its Young’s modulus was measured to be 1.67 GPa, which is more than 7 times higher compared to that of pristine PCL (0.22 GPa). Retaining the cell safety properties (comparable to PCL), the concept of enhancing biocompatible polymers with modified nanofillers shows great potential in the field of customized 3D printing for biomedicine.

中文翻译：

通过功能化的钛酸酯纳米填料开发机械增强的聚己内酯复合材料，用于3D打印中的熔体电书写

三维（3D）打印技术已广泛应用于各个行业和研究领域，目前是深入研究和开发的主题。但是，仍然短缺适合3D打印的高性能材料，这是3D打印（尤其是生物医学应用）的主要限制。单组分材料的物理化学性质可能不足以满足现代生物技术开发和生产的需要。为了提高材料的性能并扩大其应用范围，这项工作设计并测试了一系列钛酸酯纳米填料（纳米线和纳米管）增强的聚己内酯（PCL）复合材料，这些复合材料可3D打印并具有出色的机械性能。通过接枝两个不同的官能团（苯基和巯基封端的配体），纳米填料表面显示出改善的疏水性，从而大大改善了它们在PCL基质中的分散性。在表征表面改性之后，我们就可印刷性，可成型性和机械强度方面评估了陶瓷纳米填料均匀性的重要性。熔体电写增材制造用于制造PCL和PCL /纳米粉复合材料的微纤维。改进的纳米填料分散性可以保持完整且均匀的样品形态，相反，纳米填料的聚集在印刷过程中极大地改变了粘度，这可能导致印刷结构不良。重要的是，改性陶瓷/ PCL复合材料提供了增强且稳定的机械性能，测得其杨氏模量为1.67 GPa，是原始PCL（0.22 GPa）的7倍以上。保留细胞安全性（与PCL相比），用改性的纳米填料增强生物相容性聚合物的概念在生物医学定制3D打印领域显示出巨大潜力。

更新日期：2020-10-21

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