The volatilization loss of manganese during the vacuum smelting process is one of the key factors that determines the manufacturing cost and quality of manganese steel. In this study, the laboratory experiments and thermodynamic calculations were performed to investigate volatilization behavior of manganese from molten steels with different alloying methods in vacuum process. Based on the thermodynamic analysis, with the increase of manganese content, the partial vapor pressure of the manganese component increased, resulting in manganese being easily volatilized from molten steel. The carbon content in the steel shows an evident influence on partial vapor pressure of manganese component, and a higher carbon content in steel leads to a lower partial vapor pressure of manganese, but it not influenced by the silicon content. Compared with the alloying method of high carbon ferromanganese, the volatilization loss of manganese in the alloying method of silicon manganese presents faster decay, agreeing well with the thermodynamic analysis. Besides, the volatile fraction generated in the alloying method of high-carbon ferromanganese is composed of a large amount of MnO nanorods with a lateral length approximately 500 nm and a small number of Mn₃O₄/Mn nanoparticles with a diameter less than 500 nm. Additionally, the volatile fraction generated in the alloying method of silicon manganese shows Mn₃O₄ nanoparticles as the main phase. It can be inferred that the existence of the manganese oxide phase is attributed to the high chemical activity of nanoscale particles within air.

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不同合金化方法的钢水锰在真空中的挥发行为

真空冶炼过程中锰的挥发损失是决定锰钢制造成本和质量的关键因素之一。在这项研究中，进行了实验室实验和热力学计算，以研究采用不同合金化方法的钢水中锰在真空过程中的挥发行为。根据热力学分析，随着锰含量的增加，锰成分的分蒸气压增加，导致锰容易从钢水中挥发。钢中的碳含量对锰组分的部分蒸气压具有明显的影响，钢中的碳含量越高，锰的部分蒸气压越低，但不受硅含量的影响。与高碳铁锰合金化方法相比，硅锰合金化方法中锰的挥发损失衰减更快，与热力学分析吻合良好。此外，在高碳铁锰合金化方法中产生的挥发分由大量的MnO纳米棒组成，这些MnO纳米棒的横向长度约为500 nm，并且Mn数量少直径小于500 nm的₃ O ₄ / Mn纳米颗粒。另外，在硅锰的合金化方法中产生的挥发性部分以Mn ₃ O ₄纳米颗粒为主要相。可以推断出锰氧化物相的存在归因于空气中纳米级颗粒的高化学活性。