Tropical Animal Health and Production ( IF 1.7 ) Pub Date : 2020-10-03 , DOI: 10.1007/s11250-020-02408-1 Ismaïl Boujenane
The aim of this article was to review the milk let-down in camels and to propose a simple milk recording method. Milking of camels generally starts between 1 and 3 months postpartum. The udder is stimulated for 0.5 to 2 min by either calf suckling or hand massaging to induce the milk let-down. About 40% of daily milk yield is consumed by the calf before and after milking. The best interval between milking is 8–12 h. Lactation length is in the range 8–18 months, and the mean total milk yield is 1000–4000 kg. Peak yield of 4 to 10 kg is attained between 2 and 7 months post calving, and persistency is greater than 85%. The proposed milk recording method for camels has been adapted from ICAR’s procedures. The milking (manual or machine) starts after a suckling period of 1 month. Before each milking, the udder is stimulated for 1 min, either by calf suckling or by hand massaging. The milk recording interval is 36 days. The first test recording must take place within 75 days following the end of the suckling period. Milk yield recorded is the milk off-take or milked only. The lactation period corresponds to the milking length. Records are standardized to the reference lactation of 335 days. At each recording day, milk yields are recorded and milk samples are collected alternatively at either morning or evening milking. It was concluded that using this method, a sound milk recording database will be built for camels.
中文翻译:
骆驼产奶量减少和牛奶记录方法的建议
本文的目的是回顾骆驼中的牛奶排放量,并提出一种简单的牛奶记录方法。骆驼的挤奶通常在产后1到3个月之间开始。通过小腿哺乳或手部按摩刺激乳房0.5到2分钟以引起乳汁分泌。在挤奶前后,小牛消耗了大约40%的每日牛奶产量。挤奶之间的最佳间隔是8–12小时。泌乳时间为8-18个月,平均总产奶量为1000-4000公斤。产犊后2到7个月内可达到4至10公斤的峰值产量,持久性大于85%。拟议的骆驼奶记录方法已根据ICAR的程序进行了修改。挤奶(手动或机器)在1个月的哺乳期后开始。每次挤奶前,将乳房刺激1分钟,通过小腿哺乳或手动按摩。牛奶记录间隔为36天。第一次测试记录必须在哺乳期结束后的75天内进行。记录的产奶量是仅摄取牛奶或挤奶。泌乳期对应于挤奶时间。记录标准化为335天的参考哺乳期。在每个记录日,记录牛奶产量,或者在早晨或晚上挤奶时采集牛奶样品。结论是,使用这种方法,将为骆驼建立一个牛奶记录数据库。泌乳期对应于挤奶时间。记录标准化为335天的参考哺乳期。在每个记录日,记录牛奶产量,或者在早晨或晚上挤奶时采集牛奶样品。结论是,使用这种方法,将为骆驼建立一个牛奶记录数据库。泌乳期对应于挤奶时间。记录标准化为335天的参考哺乳期。在每个记录日,记录牛奶产量,或者在早晨或晚上挤奶时采集牛奶样品。结论是,使用这种方法,将为骆驼建立一个牛奶记录数据库。