The 11 yr solar cycle (SC) is characterized by periodic changes in solar activity indicators such as the number of sunspots, coronal holes, and active regions (ARs), as well as the occurrence rate of solar energetic events such as filament eruptions, flares, and coronal mass ejections. In this work we performed a statistical study of the equatorial coronal holes (ECHs) and ARs during the maximum phase of the last four SCs: SC 21 (1979–1982), SC 22 (1989–1992), SC 23 (1999–2002), and SC 24 (2012–2015). We compared the number of ECHs and ARs, separations between their centroids, solar wind speed, pressure, and the number of intense geomagnetic storm (IGS) data over these four cycles. We note a strong anticorrelation between the number of ARs and ECHs. We found that the number of close ARs and ECHs, solar wind speed, and the number of IGS increases with average sunspot maximum number for even cycles and decreases with average sunspot maximum for odd cycles. Also, we find strong odd...

中文翻译：

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四个太阳周期最大相位期间赤道冠状孔的研究

11年太阳周期（SC）的特征是太阳活动指标的周期性变化，例如黑子，日冕洞和活动区域（ARs）的数量，以及太阳高能事件的发生率，例如细丝爆发，耀斑和冠状物质抛射。在这项工作中，我们对最后四个SC的最大相位期间的赤道冠状孔（ECH）和AR进行了统计研究：SC 21（1979–1982），SC 22（1989–1992），SC 23（1999–2002） ）和SC 24（2012-2015）。我们比较了这四个周期中ECH和AR的数量，质心之间的间隔，太阳风速，压力以及强地磁风暴（IGS）数据的数量。我们注意到AR和ECH数量之间存在很强的反相关性。我们发现，接近的AR和ECH数量，太阳风速，对于偶数周期，IGS的数量随平均黑子的最大值而增加，而对于奇数周期，IGS的数量随平均黑子的最大值而减少。另外，我们发现很奇怪...