Multiscale Characterization of Embryonic Long Bone Mineralization in Mice,Advanced Science

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Multiscale Characterization of Embryonic Long Bone Mineralization in Mice
Advanced Science ( IF 14.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-24 , DOI: 10.1002/advs.202002524
Isabella Silva Barreto ₁ , Sophie Le Cann ₁ , Saima Ahmed ₂ , Vivien Sotiriou ₂ , Mikael J Turunen ₃ , Ulf Johansson ₄ , Angel Rodriguez-Fernandez ₄ , Tilman A Grünewald ₅ , Marianne Liebi ₆ , Niamh C Nowlan ₂ , Hanna Isaksson ₁

Affiliation

Long bone mineralization occurs through endochondral ossification, where a cartilage template mineralizes into bone‐like tissue with a hierarchical organization from the whole bone‐scale down to sub‐nano scale. Whereas this process has been extensively studied at the larger length scales, it remains unexplored at some of the smaller length scales. In this study, the changes in morphology, composition, and structure during embryonic mineralization of murine humeri are investigated using a range of high‐resolution synchrotron‐based imaging techniques at several length scales. With micro‐ and nanometer spatial resolution, the deposition of elements and the shaping of mineral platelets are followed. Rapid mineralization of the humeri occurs over approximately four days, where mineral to matrix ratio and calcium content in the most mineralized zone reach adult values shortly before birth. Interestingly, zinc is consistently found to be localized at the sites of ongoing new mineralization. The mineral platelets in the most recently mineralized regions are thicker, longer, narrower, and less aligned compared to those further into the mineralized region. In summary, this study demonstrates a specific spatial distribution of zinc, with highest concentration where new mineral is being deposited and that the newly formed mineral platelets undergo slight reshaping and reorganization during embryonic development.

中文翻译：

小鼠胚胎长骨矿化的多尺度表征

长骨矿化是通过软骨内骨化发生的，软骨模板矿化成骨样组织，具有从整个骨尺度到亚纳米尺度的分层组织。尽管这一过程已在较大长度尺度上得到了广泛研究，但在一些较小长度尺度上仍未得到探索。在这项研究中，使用一系列基于高分辨率同步加速器的成像技术在多个长度尺度上研究了小鼠肱骨胚胎矿化过程中形态、组成和结构的变化。在微米和纳米空间分辨率下，可以跟踪元素的沉积和矿物片的成型。肱骨的快速矿化发生在大约四天内，其中矿化程度最高的区域中的矿物质与基质的比率和钙含量在出生前不久达到成人值。有趣的是，人们一直发现锌集中在正在进行的新矿化的地点。与进一步进入矿化区域的矿物片相比，最近矿化区域中的矿物片更厚、更长、更窄且排列更差。总之，这项研究证明了锌的特定空间分布，在新矿物质沉积的地方浓度最高，并且新形成的矿物质片在胚胎发育过程中经历了轻微的重塑和重组。

更新日期：2020-11-04

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