孕妇或哺乳期妇女补充omega-3脂肪酸DHA和EPA对儿童认知能力的影响：系统评价和荟萃分析。,Nutrition Reviews

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孕妇或哺乳期妇女补充omega-3脂肪酸DHA和EPA对儿童认知能力的影响：系统评价和荟萃分析。
Nutrition Reviews ( IF 5.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-11 , DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuaa060
A Lehner ₁ , K Staub _{1,

2} , L Aldakak ₁ , P Eppenberger ₁ , F Rühli _{1,

2} , Robert D Martin _{1,

3} , N Bender ₁

Affiliation

简介ω-3长链多不饱和脂肪酸二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）和二十碳五烯酸（EPA）对大脑发育和认知能力很重要。由于它们是半必需脂肪酸，因此必须从食物中获取。但是，尚未确定DHA和EPA的饮食参考摄入量。在女性中，怀孕或母乳喂养期间DHA和/或EPA血清水平低可能会对孩子产生负面影响。对于这项研究，我们对孕妇和/或哺乳期妇女食用鱼油补充剂与孩子的认知能力之间的关系进行了随机对照试验的系统评价和荟萃分析。方法对PubMed，Embase和中央文献数据库进行系统搜索。我们一式两份地纳入和提取了相关研究，并评估了研究质量。认知结果根据公布的标准和干预后经过的时间进行分组。我们对每个认知结局和出生体重进行了固定效果的荟萃分析。我们通过荟萃回归和敏感性分析评估了潜在的混淆因素。结果总共包括11个试验。在补充DHA / EPA与任何评估的认知参数或出生体重之间未发现显着关联。讨论我们的结果证实了以前对所研究主题的评论。没有定论结果的原因可能是每个评估类别的样本量小，纳入研究的质量令人怀疑，以及难以可靠地测量幼儿的认知能力。血中的omega-3长链多不饱和脂肪酸的血药水平几乎没有可比性。此外，无法评估遗传和环境因素的影响。该领域的研究应解决此类缺陷。

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Impact of omega-3 fatty acid DHA and EPA supplementation in pregnant or breast-feeding women on cognitive performance of children: systematic review and meta-analysis.

INTRODUCTION The omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) are important for brain development and cognitive performance. Because they are semi-essential fatty acids, they must be obtained from food. However, the dietary reference intakes of DHA and EPA have not yet been established. In women, a low DHA and/or EPA serum level during pregnancy or breastfeeding might negatively affect their children. For this study, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized control trials on the association between the consumption of fish oil supplements in pregnant and/or breastfeeding women and the cognitive performance of their children. METHODS The PubMed, Embase, and Central literature databases were systematically searched. We included and extracted relevant studies in duplicate and assessed study quality. Cognitive outcomes were grouped according to published criteria and according to time elapsed after the intervention. We performed fixed-effects meta-analyses for each cognitive outcome and for birth weight. We assessed potential confounding with meta-regressions and sensitivity analyses. RESULTS A total of 11 trials were included. No significant association was found between DHA/EPA supplementation and any of the assessed cognitive parameters or birth weight. DISCUSSION Our results confirm previous reviews on the studied topic. Reasons for inconclusive results may be small sample sizes for each assessed category, questionable quality of included studies, and the difficulty of reliably measuring cognitive performance in small children. Blood levels of omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids were mostly not comparable. Furthermore, the influence of genetic and environmental factors could not be assessed. Studies in this field should address such shortcomings.

更新日期：2020-09-11

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