精神障碍患者的强制入院：40 个欧洲国家在伦理和立法方面的最新进展,European Psychiatry

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精神障碍患者的强制入院：40 个欧洲国家在伦理和立法方面的最新进展
European Psychiatry ( IF 7.2 ) Pub Date : 2020-08-24 , DOI: 10.1192/j.eurpsy.2020.79
D. Wasserman , G. Apter , C. Baeken , S. Bailey , J. Balazs , C. Bec , P. Bienkowski , J. Bobes , M. F. Bravo Ortiz , H. Brunn , Ö. Bôke , N. Camilleri , B. Carpiniello , J. Chihai , E. Chkonia , P. Courtet , D. Cozman , M. David , G. Dom , A. Esanu , P. Falkai , W. Flannery , K. Gasparyan , G. Gerlinger , P. Gorwood , O. Gudmundsson , C. Hanon , A. Heinz , M. J. Heitor Dos Santos , A. Hedlund , F. Ismayilov , N. Ismayilov , E. T. Isometsä , L. Izakova , A. Kleinberg , T. Kurimay , S. Klæbo Reitan , D. Lecic-Tosevski , A. Lehmets , N. Lindberg , K. A. Lundblad , G. Lynch , C. Maddock , U.F. Malt , L. Martin , I. Martynikhin , N. O. Maruta , F. Matthys , R. Mazaliauskiene , G. Mihajlovic , A. Mihaljevic Peles , V. Miklavic , P. Mohr , M. Munarriz Ferrandis , M. Musalek , N. Neznanov , G. Ostorharics-Horvath , I. Pajević , A. Popova , P. Pregelj , E. Prinsen , C. Rados , A. Roig , M. Rojnic Kuzman , J. Samochowiec , N. Sartorius , Y. Savenko , O. Skugarevsky , E. Slodecki , A. Soghoyan , D. S. Stone , R. Taylor-East , E. Terauds , C. Tsopelas , C. Tudose , S. Tyano , P. Vallon , R. J. Van der Gaag , P. Varandas , L. Vavrusova , P. Voloshyn , J. Wancata , J. Wise , Z. Zemishlany , F. Öncü , S. Vahip

背景。欧洲各国对精神障碍患者的强制入院程序各不相同。欧洲精神病学协会 (EPA) 伦理委员会在 40 个国家发起了一项关于精神障碍患者非自愿入院程序的调查，以从所有 EPA 成员的国家精神病学协会收集信息，以制定改进非自愿入院程序的建议并促进自愿照顾。方法。调查的重点是非自愿录取的立法和录取程序中涉及的主要参与者，以及非自愿录取的最常见原因。结果。我们分析了主题中的调查分类数据，这些数据强调了医疗和法律行为者都参与了非自愿入院程序。结论。我们的结论是，强制入院的法律原因应该重新措辞，以消除对患者的污名化，提高患者和家庭倡导团体对非自愿入院程序和患者权利的认识至关重要，关于程序的交流应该在非专业人士中广泛传播。 - 面向一般人群的语言，并且应为法律和医疗从业者提供培训课程和指导。最后，在该领域工作的人们需要不断意识到围绕强制录取的道德挑战。应以非专业语言为一般人群广泛提供有关程序的交流，并且应为法律和医疗从业者提供培训课程和指导。最后，在该领域工作的人们需要不断意识到围绕强制录取的道德挑战。应以非专业语言为一般人群广泛提供有关程序的交流，并且应为法律和医疗从业者提供培训课程和指导。最后，在该领域工作的人们需要不断意识到围绕强制录取的道德挑战。

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Compulsory Admissions of patients with mental disorders: State of the art on ethical and legislative aspects in 40 European countries

Background. Compulsory admission procedures of patients with mental disorders vary between countries in Europe. The Ethics Committee of the European Psychiatric Association (EPA) launched a survey on involuntary admission procedures of patients with mental disorders in 40 countries to gather information from all National Psychiatric Associations that are members of the EPA to develop recommendations for improving involuntary admission processes and promote voluntary care. Methods. The survey focused on legislation of involuntary admissions and key actors involved in the admission procedure as well as most common reasons for involuntary admissions. Results. We analyzed the survey categorical data in themes, which highlight that both medical and legal actors are involved in involuntary admission procedures. Conclusions. We conclude that legal reasons for compulsory admission should be reworded in order to remove stigmatization of the patient, that raising awareness about involuntary admission procedures and patient rights with both patients and family advocacy groups is paramount, that communication about procedures should be widely available in lay-language for the general population, and that training sessions and guidance should be available for legal and medical practitioners. Finally, people working in the field need to be constantly aware about the ethical challenges surrounding compulsory admissions.

更新日期：2020-08-24

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